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- Copyright 2016-2017 Soren Stoutner <soren@stoutner.com>.
+ Copyright © 2016-2017 Soren Stoutner <soren@stoutner.com>.
This file is part of Privacy Browser <https://www.stoutner.com/privacy-browser>.
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<p>Malicious governments often spy on their citizens to punish dissent or human rights activity. They commonly either
operate the local ISPs or they can force them to disclose information showing every IP address that is visited
by each user. Tor is designed to defeat this infringement of privacy by encrypting the traffic
- from a user’s device and routing it through three separate servers on the internet before sending it on to the final destination.
- This means that no individual ISP, server, or website, can know both the <a href="https://ipleak.net">IP address the user’s device</a>
+ from a user’s device and routing it through three separate servers on the internet before sending it on to the final destination.
+ This means that no individual ISP, server, or website, can know both the <a href="https://ipleak.net">IP address the user’s device</a>
and the IP address of the final web server. Malicious governments and the ISPs they control cannot tell which
web servers a user is accessing, although they can tell that the user is using Tor. In some parts of
- the world, using Tor could be construed as an evidence of illegal behavior (“if you didn’t have anything
- to hide you wouldn’t be encrypting your traffic”) and users could be punished because governments
- assume they are doing something that is prohibited. Thus, Tor can be helpful, but isn’t a panacea.</p>
+ the world, using Tor could be construed as an evidence of illegal behavior (“if you didn’t have anything
+ to hide you wouldn’t be encrypting your traffic”) and users could be punished because governments
+ assume they are doing something that is prohibited. Thus, Tor can be helpful, but isn’t a panacea.</p>
<h3>Mega Corporations</h3>
- <p>When a user connects to a web server, the web server can see the user’s IP address. Although it isn’t a perfect science,
+ <p>When a user connects to a web server, the web server can see the user’s IP address. Although it isn’t a perfect science,
IP addresses can be turned into physical addresses with a <a href="https://www.whatismyip.com/">fair amount of accuracy</a>.
Small web servers typically rely on IP addresses to identify the location of the users visiting their site.
- Tor is a good solution to mask the user’s location from these servers. But large mega corporations
+ Tor is a good solution to mask the user’s location from these servers. But large mega corporations
that own social media and advertising networks use a whole profile of information that is designed to track users
across devices and IP addresses. These profiles employ a variety of techniques to identify users, including JavaScript,
cookies, tracking IDs, and <a href="https://panopticlick.eff.org/">browser fingerprinting</a>. Because the vast majority
<p>They track every site that is visited, everything that is purchased, every credit card that is used to
make a purchase, every address that items are shipped to, and the GPS metadata of every picture that is
- uploaded to the internet. They build a profile of a user’s age, gender, marital status, address, political affiliations,
+ uploaded to the internet. They build a profile of a user’s age, gender, marital status, address, political affiliations,
religious affiliations, family circumstances, number of pets, and everything else they can get their hands on.
They even buy up databases of credit card transactions at local stores, so they can track the off-line purchasing patterns of the users
in their profiles. Because they already have much more accurate address information about a user than an IP address discloses,
<p>Despite its limitations, Tor can be useful in some circumstances. The Tor project has an app for Android called Orbot,
which is available on <a href="https://f-droid.org/repository/browse/?fdfilter=orbot&fdid=org.torproject.android">F-Droid</a>
and everywhere else that Privacy Browser is distributed. Privacy Browser has a setting to use Orbot as
- a proxy. When this is turned on, Privacy Browser’s app bar will have a light blue background instead of
- the default light grey. When Privacy Browser’s Orbot proxy setting is enabled, internet access
+ a proxy. When this is turned on, Privacy Browser’s app bar will have a light blue background instead of
+ the default light grey. When Privacy Browser’s Orbot proxy setting is enabled, internet access
will not work unless Orbot is running and connected to Tor. Because traffic is being routed through several Tor nodes,
using Tor is often much slower than connecting directly to the internet.</p>
- <img class="center" src="images/tor.png" height="640" width="360">
+ <img class="center" src="images/tor.png">
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