X-Git-Url: https://gitweb.stoutner.com/?p=PrivacyBrowserAndroid.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=app%2Fsrc%2Fmain%2Fjava%2Fcom%2Fstoutner%2Fprivacybrowser%2Factivities%2FMainWebViewActivity.java;h=c2d65ec51447b4a49224aafaef2d192684e25bcc;hp=61ec7af45afe85256e17d68bb694b8bcbda79126;hb=08835c5331d9fde1078d29027c821a4dfa6eb3a7;hpb=65eec25c0112c1c5ba2ae0b598ee291572e24a97

diff --git a/app/src/main/java/com/stoutner/privacybrowser/activities/MainWebViewActivity.java b/app/src/main/java/com/stoutner/privacybrowser/activities/MainWebViewActivity.java
index 61ec7af4..c2d65ec5 100644
--- a/app/src/main/java/com/stoutner/privacybrowser/activities/MainWebViewActivity.java
+++ b/app/src/main/java/com/stoutner/privacybrowser/activities/MainWebViewActivity.java
@@ -23,8 +23,10 @@ package com.stoutner.privacybrowser.activities;
 
 import android.Manifest;
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
+import android.app.Activity;
 import android.app.DialogFragment;
 import android.app.DownloadManager;
+import android.app.SearchManager;
 import android.content.ActivityNotFoundException;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
 import android.content.ClipData;
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ import android.text.Editable;
 import android.text.Spanned;
 import android.text.TextWatcher;
 import android.text.style.ForegroundColorSpan;
+import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Patterns;
 import android.view.ContextMenu;
 import android.view.GestureDetector;
@@ -166,14 +169,14 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     public static Bitmap favoriteIconBitmap;
 
     // `formattedUrlString` is public static so it can be accessed from `BookmarksActivity`, `CreateBookmarkDialog`, and `AddDomainDialog`.
-    // It is also used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onCreateHomeScreenShortcutCreate()`, and `loadUrlFromTextBox()`.
+    // It is also used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onCreateHomeScreenShortcutCreate()`, `loadUrlFromTextBox()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     public static String formattedUrlString;
 
     // `sslCertificate` is public static so it can be accessed from `DomainsActivity`, `DomainsListFragment`, `DomainSettingsFragment`, `PinnedSslCertificateMismatchDialog`,
     // and `ViewSslCertificateDialog`.  It is also used in `onCreate()`.
     public static SslCertificate sslCertificate;
 
-    // `orbotStatus` is public static so it can be accessed from `OrbotProxyHelper`.  It is also used in `onCreate()` and `onResume()`.
+    // `orbotStatus` is public static so it can be accessed from `OrbotProxyHelper`.  It is also used in `onCreate()`, `onResume()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     public static String orbotStatus;
 
     // `webViewTitle` is public static so it can be accessed from `CreateBookmarkDialog` and `CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog`.  It is also used in `onCreate()`.
@@ -198,9 +201,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     public static String fanboysSocialVersion;
     public static String ultraPrivacyVersion;
 
-    // The request items are public static so they can be accessed by `BlockListHelper`, `RequestsArrayAdapter`, and `ViewRequestsDialog`.  They are also used in `onCreate()`.
+    // The request items are public static so they can be accessed by `BlockListHelper`, `RequestsArrayAdapter`, and `ViewRequestsDialog`.  They are also used in `onCreate()` and `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`.
     public static List<String[]> resourceRequests;
     public static String[] whiteListResultStringArray;
+    private int blockedRequests;
+    private int easyListBlockedRequests;
+    private int easyPrivacyBlockedRequests;
+    private int fanboysAnnoyanceListBlockedRequests;
+    private int fanboysSocialBlockingListBlockedRequests;
+    private int ultraPrivacyBlockedRequests;
+    private int thirdPartyBlockedRequests;
+
     public final static int REQUEST_DISPOSITION = 0;
     public final static int REQUEST_URL = 1;
     public final static int REQUEST_BLOCKLIST = 2;
@@ -267,7 +278,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     public final static int DOMAINS_CUSTOM_USER_AGENT = 13;
 
 
-    // `appBar` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `closeFindOnPage()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // `appBar` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `closeFindOnPage()`, `applyAppSettings()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private ActionBar appBar;
 
     // `navigatingHistory` is used in `onCreate()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onSslMismatchBack()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
@@ -283,7 +294,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     private CoordinatorLayout rootCoordinatorLayout;
 
     // `mainWebView` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onRestart()`, `onCreateContextMenu()`, `findPreviousOnPage()`,
-    // `findNextOnPage()`, `closeFindOnPage()`, `loadUrlFromTextBox()`, `onSslMismatchBack()`, and `setDisplayWebpageImages()`.
+    // `findNextOnPage()`, `closeFindOnPage()`, `loadUrlFromTextBox()`, `onSslMismatchBack()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private WebView mainWebView;
 
     // `fullScreenVideoFrameLayout` is used in `onCreate()` and `onConfigurationChanged()`.
@@ -319,29 +330,47 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `saveFormDataEnabled` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.  It can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
     private boolean saveFormDataEnabled;
 
-    // `nightMode` is used in `onCreate()` and  `applyDomainSettings()`.
+    // `nightMode` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and  `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private boolean nightMode;
 
-    // `displayWebpageImagesBoolean` is used in `applyAppSettings()` and `applyDomainSettings()`.
-    private boolean displayWebpageImagesBoolean;
-
-    // 'homepage' is used in `onCreate()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // 'homepage' is used in `onCreate()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private String homepage;
 
-    // `searchURL` is used in `loadURLFromTextBox()` and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // `searchURL` is used in `loadURLFromTextBox()` and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private String searchURL;
 
-    // The block list variables are used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // `mainMenu` is used in `onCreateOptionsMenu()` and `updatePrivacyIcons()`.
+    private Menu mainMenu;
+
+    // `refreshMenuItem` is used in `onCreate()` and `onCreateOptionsMenu()`.
+    private MenuItem refreshMenuItem;
+
+    // The blocklist menu items are used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, and `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`.
+    private MenuItem blocklistsMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem easyListMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem easyPrivacyMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem ultraPrivacyMenuItem;
+    private MenuItem blockAllThirdPartyRequestsMenuItem;
+
+    // The blocklist variables are used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
     private boolean easyListEnabled;
     private boolean easyPrivacyEnabled;
     private boolean fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled;
     private boolean fanboysSocialBlockingListEnabled;
     private boolean ultraPrivacyEnabled;
 
+    // `webViewDefaultUserAgent` is used in `onCreate()` and `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`.
+    private String webViewDefaultUserAgent;
+
+    // `defaultCustomUserAgentString` is used in `onPrepareOptionsMenu()` and `applyDomainSettings()`.
+    private String defaultCustomUserAgentString;
+
     // `privacyBrowserRuntime` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
     private Runtime privacyBrowserRuntime;
 
-    // `proxyThroughOrbot` is used in `onRestart()` and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // `proxyThroughOrbot` is used in `onRestart()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `applyAppSettings()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private boolean proxyThroughOrbot;
 
     // `incognitoModeEnabled` is used in `onCreate()` and `applyAppSettings()`.
@@ -368,29 +397,29 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `displayingFullScreenVideo` is used in `onCreate()` and `onResume()`.
     private boolean displayingFullScreenVideo;
 
+    // `downloadWithExternalApp` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateContextMenu()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
+    private boolean downloadWithExternalApp;
+
     // `currentDomainName` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onAddDomain()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private String currentDomainName;
 
     // `ignorePinnedSslCertificateForDomain` is used in `onCreate()`, `onSslMismatchProceed()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private boolean ignorePinnedSslCertificate;
 
-    // `orbotStatusBroadcastReciever` is used in `onCreate()` and `onDestroy()`.
+    // `orbotStatusBroadcastReceiver` is used in `onCreate()` and `onDestroy()`.
     private BroadcastReceiver orbotStatusBroadcastReceiver;
 
-    // `waitingForOrbot` is used in `onCreate()`, `onResume()`, and `applyAppSettings()`.
+    // `waitingForOrbot` is used in `onCreate()`, `onResume()`, and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
     private boolean waitingForOrbot;
 
-    // `domainSettingsApplied` is used in `prepareOptionsMenu()`, `applyDomainSettings()`, and `setDisplayWebpageImages()`.
+    // `domainSettingsApplied` is used in `prepareOptionsMenu()` and `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private boolean domainSettingsApplied;
 
-    // `displayWebpageImagesInt` is used in `applyDomainSettings()` and `setDisplayWebpageImages()`.
-    private int displayWebpageImagesInt;
+    // `domainSettingsJavaScriptEnabled` is used in `onOptionsItemSelected()` and `applyDomainSettings()`.
+    private Boolean domainSettingsJavaScriptEnabled;
 
-    // `onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet` is used in `applyDomainSettings()` and `setDisplayWebpageImages()`.
-    private boolean onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet;
-
-    // `waitingForOrbotData` is used in `onCreate()` and `applyAppSettings()`.
-    private String waitingForOrbotHTMLString;
+    // `waitingForOrbotHtmlString` is used in `onCreate()` and `applyProxyThroughOrbot()`.
+    private String waitingForOrbotHtmlString;
 
     // `privateDataDirectoryString` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `onNavigationItemSelected()`.
     private String privateDataDirectoryString;
@@ -401,8 +430,8 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `findOnPageEditText` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `closeFindOnPage()`.
     private EditText findOnPageEditText;
 
-    // `mainMenu` is used in `onCreateOptionsMenu()` and `updatePrivacyIcons()`.
-    private Menu mainMenu;
+    // `displayAdditionalAppBarIcons` is used in `onCreate()` and `onCreateOptionsMenu()`.
+    private boolean displayAdditionalAppBarIcons;
 
     // `drawerToggle` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPostCreate()`, `onConfigurationChanged()`, `onNewIntent()`, and `onNavigationItemSelected()`.
     private ActionBarDrawerToggle drawerToggle;
@@ -430,13 +459,14 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `mainWebViewRelativeLayout` is used in `onCreate()` and `onNavigationItemSelected()`.
     private RelativeLayout mainWebViewRelativeLayout;
 
-    // `urlIsLoading` is used in `onCreate()`, `loadUrl()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
+    // `urlIsLoading` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `loadUrl()`, and `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private boolean urlIsLoading;
 
     // `pinnedDomainSslCertificate` is used in `onCreate()` and `applyDomainSettings()`.
     private boolean pinnedDomainSslCertificate;
 
-    // `bookmarksDatabaseHelper` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()`, `onSaveEditBookmark()`, `onSaveEditBookmarkFolder()`, and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
+    // `bookmarksDatabaseHelper` is used in `onCreate()`, `onDestroy`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()`, `onSaveEditBookmark()`, `onSaveEditBookmarkFolder()`,
+    // and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
     private BookmarksDatabaseHelper bookmarksDatabaseHelper;
 
     // `bookmarksListView` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()`, and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
@@ -445,7 +475,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `bookmarksTitleTextView` is used in `onCreate()` and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
     private TextView bookmarksTitleTextView;
 
-    // `bookmarksCursor` is used in `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()`, `onSaveEditBookmark()`, `onSaveEditBookmarkFolder()`, and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
+    // `bookmarksCursor` is used in `onDestroy()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()`, `onSaveEditBookmark()`, `onSaveEditBookmarkFolder()`, and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
     private Cursor bookmarksCursor;
 
     // `bookmarksCursorAdapter` is used in `onCreateBookmark()`, `onCreateBookmarkFolder()` `onSaveEditBookmark()`, `onSaveEditBookmarkFolder()`, and `loadBookmarksFolder()`.
@@ -530,12 +560,15 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
         // Remove the formatting from `urlTextBar` when the user is editing the text.
         urlTextBox.setOnFocusChangeListener((View v, boolean hasFocus) -> {
-            if (hasFocus) {  // The user is editing `urlTextBox`.
+            if (hasFocus) {  // The user is editing the URL text box.
                 // Remove the highlighting.
                 urlTextBox.getText().removeSpan(redColorSpan);
                 urlTextBox.getText().removeSpan(initialGrayColorSpan);
                 urlTextBox.getText().removeSpan(finalGrayColorSpan);
-            } else {  // The user has stopped editing `urlTextBox`.
+            } else {  // The user has stopped editing the URL text box.
+                // Move to the beginning of the string.
+                urlTextBox.setSelection(0);
+
                 // Reapply the highlighting.
                 highlightUrlText();
             }
@@ -546,11 +579,8 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             // If the event is a key-down event on the `enter` button, load the URL.
             if ((event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) && (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER)) {
                 // Load the URL into the mainWebView and consume the event.
-                try {
-                    loadUrlFromTextBox();
-                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
+                loadUrlFromTextBox();
+
                 // If the enter key was pressed, consume the event.
                 return true;
             } else {
@@ -560,7 +590,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         });
 
         // Set `waitingForOrbotHTMLString`.
-        waitingForOrbotHTMLString = "<html><body><br/><center><h1>" + getString(R.string.waiting_for_orbot) + "</h1></center></body></html>";
+        waitingForOrbotHtmlString = "<html><body><br/><center><h1>" + getString(R.string.waiting_for_orbot) + "</h1></center></body></html>";
 
         // Initialize `currentDomainName`, `orbotStatus`, and `waitingForOrbot`.
         currentDomainName = "";
@@ -574,7 +604,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Store the content of the status message in `orbotStatus`.
                 orbotStatus = intent.getStringExtra("org.torproject.android.intent.extra.STATUS");
 
-                // If we are waiting on Orbot, load the website now that Orbot is connected.
+                // If Privacy Browser is waiting on Orbot, load the website now that Orbot is connected.
                 if (orbotStatus.equals("ON") && waitingForOrbot) {
                     // Reset `waitingForOrbot`.
                     waitingForOrbot = false;
@@ -695,7 +725,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                         // Show the `BannerAd` in the free flavor.
                         if (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free")) {
                             // Reload the ad.  The AdView is destroyed and recreated, which changes the ID, every time it is reloaded to handle possible rotations.
-                            AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_id));
+                            AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_unit_id));
                         }
 
                         // Remove the translucent navigation bar flag if it is set.
@@ -784,11 +814,18 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             }
         });
 
-        // Implement swipe to refresh
-        swipeRefreshLayout = findViewById(R.id.swipe_refreshlayout);
-        swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeResources(R.color.blue_700);
+        // Implement swipe to refresh.
+        swipeRefreshLayout = findViewById(R.id.swiperefreshlayout);
         swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(() -> mainWebView.reload());
 
+        // Set the swipe to refresh color according to the theme.
+        if (darkTheme) {
+            swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeResources(R.color.blue_600);
+            swipeRefreshLayout.setProgressBackgroundColorSchemeResource(R.color.gray_850);
+        } else {
+            swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeResources(R.color.blue_700);
+        }
+
         // `DrawerTitle` identifies the `DrawerLayouts` in accessibility mode.
         drawerLayout.setDrawerTitle(GravityCompat.START, getString(R.string.navigation_drawer));
         drawerLayout.setDrawerTitle(GravityCompat.END, getString(R.string.bookmarks));
@@ -865,7 +902,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             return true;
         });
 
-        // The `DrawerListener` is used to update the Navigation Menu.
+        // The drawer listener is used to update the navigation menu.
         drawerLayout.addDrawerListener(new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener() {
             @Override
             public void onDrawerSlide(@NonNull View drawerView, float slideOffset) {
@@ -881,34 +918,19 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
             @Override
             public void onDrawerStateChanged(int newState) {
-                if ((newState == DrawerLayout.STATE_SETTLING) || (newState == DrawerLayout.STATE_DRAGGING)) {  // The drawer is opening or closing.
-                    // Initialize a the blocked requests counter.
-                    int blockedRequests = 0;
-
-                    // Count the number of blocked requests.
-                    for (int i = 0; i < resourceRequests.size(); i++) {
-                        // Add the blocked requests.
-                        if (Integer.valueOf(resourceRequests.get(i)[REQUEST_DISPOSITION]) == REQUEST_BLOCKED) {
-                            blockedRequests++;
-                        }
-
-                        // Add the third-party requests if they are blocked.
-                        if (blockAllThirdPartyRequests && (Integer.valueOf(resourceRequests.get(i)[REQUEST_DISPOSITION]) == REQUEST_THIRD_PARTY)) {
-                            blockedRequests++;
-                        }
-                    }
-
+                if ((newState == DrawerLayout.STATE_SETTLING) || (newState == DrawerLayout.STATE_DRAGGING)) {  // A drawer is opening or closing.
                     // Update the back, forward, history, and requests menu items.
                     navigationBackMenuItem.setEnabled(mainWebView.canGoBack());
                     navigationForwardMenuItem.setEnabled(mainWebView.canGoForward());
                     navigationHistoryMenuItem.setEnabled((mainWebView.canGoBack() || mainWebView.canGoForward()));
-                    navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getResources().getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                    navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
 
-                    // Hide the keyboard (if displayed) so we can see the navigation menu.  `0` indicates no additional flags.
+                    // Hide the keyboard (if displayed).
                     inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(mainWebView.getWindowToken(), 0);
 
-                    // Clear the focus from `urlTextBox` if it has it.
+                    // Clear the focus from from the URL text box and the WebView.  This removes any text selection markers and context menus, which otherwise draw above the open drawers.
                     urlTextBox.clearFocus();
+                    mainWebView.clearFocus();
                 }
             }
         });
@@ -932,10 +954,10 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                     mainWebView.evaluateJavascript("(function() {var parent = document.getElementsByTagName('head').item(0); var style = document.createElement('style'); style.type = 'text/css'; " +
                             "style.innerHTML = '* {background-color: #212121 !important; color: #BDBDBD !important; box-shadow: none !important; text-decoration: none !important;" +
                             "text-shadow: none !important; border: none !important;} a {color: #1565C0 !important;}'; parent.appendChild(style)})()", value -> {
-                                // Initialize a `Handler` to display `mainWebView`.
+                                // Initialize a handler to display `mainWebView`.
                                 Handler displayWebViewHandler = new Handler();
 
-                                // Setup a `Runnable` to display `mainWebView` after a delay to allow the CSS to be applied.
+                                // Setup a runnable to display `mainWebView` after a delay to allow the CSS to be applied.
                                 Runnable displayWebViewRunnable = () -> {
                                     // Only display `mainWebView` if the progress bar is one.  This prevents the display of the `WebView` while it is still loading.
                                     if (progressBar.getVisibility() == View.GONE) {
@@ -943,7 +965,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                                     }
                                 };
 
-                                // Use `displayWebViewHandler` to delay the displaying of `mainWebView` for 500 milliseconds.
+                                // Displaying of `mainWebView` after 500 milliseconds.
                                 displayWebViewHandler.postDelayed(displayWebViewRunnable, 500);
                             });
                 }
@@ -1030,7 +1052,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             @Override
             public void onHideCustomView() {
                 // Unset the full screen video flag.
-                displayingFullScreenVideo = true;
+                displayingFullScreenVideo = false;
 
                 // Hide `fullScreenVideoFrameLayout`.
                 fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.removeAllViews();
@@ -1080,7 +1102,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                     // Show the `BannerAd` in the free flavor.
                     if (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free")) {
                         // Initialize the ad.  The AdView is destroyed and recreated, which changes the ID, every time it is reloaded to handle possible rotations.
-                        AdHelper.initializeAds(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.ad_id));
+                        AdHelper.initializeAds(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.google_app_id), getString(R.string.ad_unit_id));
                     }
 
                     // Remove any `SYSTEM_UI` flags from `rootCoordinatorLayout`.
@@ -1099,7 +1121,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Show the ad if this is the free flavor.
                 if (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free")) {
                     // Reload the ad.  The AdView is destroyed and recreated, which changes the ID, every time it is reloaded to handle possible rotations.
-                    AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_id));
+                    AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_unit_id));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1126,32 +1148,37 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
         // Allow the downloading of files.
         mainWebView.setDownloadListener((String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype, long contentLength) -> {
-            // Check to see if the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
-                // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission needs to be requested.
-
-                // Store the variables for future use by `onRequestPermissionsResult()`.
-                downloadUrl = url;
-                downloadContentDisposition = contentDisposition;
-                downloadContentLength = contentLength;
-
-                // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
-                if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
-                    // Get a handle for the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_FILE.
-                    DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_FILE);
-
-                    // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the the dialog is closed.
-                    downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
-                } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
-                    // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
-                    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_FILE_REQUEST_CODE);
-                }
-            } else {  // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                // Get a handle for the download file alert dialog.
-                AppCompatDialogFragment downloadFileDialogFragment = DownloadFileDialog.fromUrl(url, contentDisposition, contentLength);
+            // Check if the download should be processed by an external app.
+            if (downloadWithExternalApp) {  // Download with an external app.
+                openUrlWithExternalApp(url);
+            } else {  // Download with Android's download manager.
+                // Check to see if the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
+                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {  // The storage permission has not been granted.
+                    // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission needs to be requested.
+
+                    // Store the variables for future use by `onRequestPermissionsResult()`.
+                    downloadUrl = url;
+                    downloadContentDisposition = contentDisposition;
+                    downloadContentLength = contentLength;
+
+                    // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
+                    if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
+                        // Instantiate the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_FILE.
+                        DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_FILE);
+
+                        // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the the dialog is closed.
+                        downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
+                    } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
+                        // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
+                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_FILE_REQUEST_CODE);
+                    }
+                } else {  // The storage permission has already been granted.
+                    // Get a handle for the download file alert dialog.
+                    AppCompatDialogFragment downloadFileDialogFragment = DownloadFileDialog.fromUrl(url, contentDisposition, contentLength);
 
-                // Show the download file alert dialog.
-                downloadFileDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                    // Show the download file alert dialog.
+                    downloadFileDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                }
             }
         });
 
@@ -1179,17 +1206,6 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Initialize the default preference values the first time the program is run.  `false` keeps this command from resetting any current preferences back to default.
         PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(this, R.xml.preferences, false);
 
-        // Get the intent that started the app.
-        final Intent launchingIntent = getIntent();
-
-        // Extract the launching intent data as `launchingIntentUriData`.
-        final Uri launchingIntentUriData = launchingIntent.getData();
-
-        // Convert the launching intent URI data (if it exists) to a string and store it in `formattedUrlString`.
-        if (launchingIntentUriData != null) {
-            formattedUrlString = launchingIntentUriData.toString();
-        }
-
         // Get a handle for the `Runtime`.
         privacyBrowserRuntime = Runtime.getRuntime();
 
@@ -1208,6 +1224,9 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         saveFormDataEnabled = false;  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
         nightMode = false;
 
+        // Store the default user agent.
+        webViewDefaultUserAgent = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
+
         // Initialize the WebView title.
         webViewTitle = getString(R.string.no_title);
 
@@ -1223,7 +1242,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         }
 
         // Initialize the user agent array adapter and string array.
-        userAgentNamesArray = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.user_agent_names, R.layout.domain_settings_spinner_item);
+        userAgentNamesArray = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this, R.array.user_agent_names, R.layout.spinner_item);
         userAgentDataArray = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data);
 
         // Apply the app settings from the shared preferences.
@@ -1249,6 +1268,9 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         fanboysSocialVersion = fanboysSocialList.get(0).get(0)[0];
         ultraPrivacyVersion = ultraPrivacy.get(0).get(0)[0];
 
+        // Get a handle for the activity.  This is used to update the requests counter while the navigation menu is open.
+        Activity activity = this;
+
         mainWebView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
             // `shouldOverrideUrlLoading` makes this `WebView` the default handler for URLs inside the app, so that links are not kicked out to other apps.
             // The deprecated `shouldOverrideUrlLoading` must be used until API >= 24.
@@ -1260,10 +1282,19 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                     formattedUrlString = "";
 
                     // Apply the domain settings for the new URL.  `applyDomainSettings` doesn't do anything if the domain has not changed.
-                    applyDomainSettings(url, true, false);
+                    boolean userAgentChanged = applyDomainSettings(url, true, false);
 
-                    // Returning false causes the current WebView to handle the URL and prevents it from adding redirects to the history list.
-                    return false;
+                    // Check if the user agent has changed.
+                    if (userAgentChanged) {
+                        // Manually load the URL.  The changing of the user agent will cause WebView to reload the previous URL.
+                        mainWebView.loadUrl(url, customHeaders);
+
+                        // Returning true indicates that Privacy Browser is manually handling the loading of the URL.
+                        return true;
+                    } else {
+                        // Returning false causes the current WebView to handle the URL and prevents it from adding redirects to the history list.
+                        return false;
+                    }
                 } else if (url.startsWith("mailto:")) {  // Load the email address in an external email program.
                     // Use `ACTION_SENDTO` instead of `ACTION_SEND` so that only email programs are launched.
                     Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
@@ -1369,6 +1400,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                 // Block third-party requests if enabled.
                 if (isThirdPartyRequest && blockAllThirdPartyRequests) {
+                    // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                    blockedRequests++;
+                    thirdPartyBlockedRequests++;
+
+                    // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                    activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                        navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                        blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                        blockAllThirdPartyRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(thirdPartyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.block_all_third_party_requests));
+                    });
+
                     // Add the request to the log.
                     resourceRequests.add(new String[]{String.valueOf(REQUEST_THIRD_PARTY), url});
 
@@ -1379,6 +1421,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Check UltraPrivacy if it is enabled.
                 if (ultraPrivacyEnabled) {
                     if (blockListHelper.isBlocked(currentDomain, url, isThirdPartyRequest, ultraPrivacy)) {
+                        // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                        blockedRequests++;
+                        ultraPrivacyBlockedRequests++;
+
+                        // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                        activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                            navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            ultraPrivacyMenuItem.setTitle(ultraPrivacyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.ultraprivacy));
+                        });
+
                         // The resource request was blocked.  Return an empty web resource response.
                         return emptyWebResourceResponse;
                     }
@@ -1396,6 +1449,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Check EasyList if it is enabled.
                 if (easyListEnabled) {
                     if (blockListHelper.isBlocked(currentDomain, url, isThirdPartyRequest, easyList)) {
+                        // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                        blockedRequests++;
+                        easyListBlockedRequests++;
+
+                        // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                        activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                            navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            easyListMenuItem.setTitle(easyListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.easylist));
+                        });
+
                         // Reset the whitelist results tracker (because otherwise it will sometimes add results to the list due to a race condition).
                         whiteListResultStringArray = null;
 
@@ -1407,6 +1471,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Check EasyPrivacy if it is enabled.
                 if (easyPrivacyEnabled) {
                     if (blockListHelper.isBlocked(currentDomain, url, isThirdPartyRequest, easyPrivacy)) {
+                        // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                        blockedRequests++;
+                        easyPrivacyBlockedRequests++;
+
+                        // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                        activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                            navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            easyPrivacyMenuItem.setTitle(easyPrivacyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.easyprivacy));
+                        });
+
                         // Reset the whitelist results tracker (because otherwise it will sometimes add results to the list due to a race condition).
                         whiteListResultStringArray = null;
 
@@ -1418,6 +1493,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Check Fanboy’s Annoyance List if it is enabled.
                 if (fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled) {
                     if (blockListHelper.isBlocked(currentDomain, url, isThirdPartyRequest, fanboysAnnoyanceList)) {
+                        // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                        blockedRequests++;
+                        fanboysAnnoyanceListBlockedRequests++;
+
+                        // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                        activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                            navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem.setTitle(fanboysAnnoyanceListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.fanboys_annoyance_list));
+                        });
+
                         // Reset the whitelist results tracker (because otherwise it will sometimes add results to the list due to a race condition).
                         whiteListResultStringArray = null;
 
@@ -1426,6 +1512,17 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                     }
                 } else if (fanboysSocialBlockingListEnabled){  // Only check Fanboy’s Social Blocking List if Fanboy’s Annoyance List is disabled.
                     if (blockListHelper.isBlocked(currentDomain, url, isThirdPartyRequest, fanboysSocialList)) {
+                        // Increment the blocked requests counters.
+                        blockedRequests++;
+                        fanboysSocialBlockingListBlockedRequests++;
+
+                        // Update the titles of the blocklist menu items.  This must be run from the UI thread.
+                        activity.runOnUiThread(() -> {
+                            navigationRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.requests) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+                            fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem.setTitle(fanboysSocialBlockingListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.fanboys_social_blocking_list));
+                        });
+
                         // Reset the whitelist results tracker (because otherwise it will sometimes add results to the list due to a race condition).
                         whiteListResultStringArray = null;
 
@@ -1437,7 +1534,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Add the request to the log because it hasn't been processed by any of the previous checks.
                 if (whiteListResultStringArray != null ) {  // The request was processed by a whitelist.
                     resourceRequests.add(whiteListResultStringArray);
-                } else {  // The request didn't match any blocklist entry.  Log it as a defult request.
+                } else {  // The request didn't match any blocklist entry.  Log it as a default request.
                     resourceRequests.add(new String[]{String.valueOf(REQUEST_DEFAULT), url});
                 }
 
@@ -1462,6 +1559,15 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 // Reset the list of resource requests.
                 resourceRequests.clear();
 
+                // Initialize the counters for requests blocked by each blocklist.
+                blockedRequests = 0;
+                easyListBlockedRequests = 0;
+                easyPrivacyBlockedRequests = 0;
+                fanboysAnnoyanceListBlockedRequests = 0;
+                fanboysSocialBlockingListBlockedRequests = 0;
+                ultraPrivacyBlockedRequests = 0;
+                thirdPartyBlockedRequests = 0;
+
                 // If night mode is enabled, hide `mainWebView` until after the night mode CSS is applied.
                 if (nightMode) {
                     mainWebView.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
@@ -1483,26 +1589,66 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                     // Apply any custom domain settings if the URL was loaded by navigating history.
                     if (navigatingHistory) {
+                        // Apply the domain settings.
+                        boolean userAgentChanged = applyDomainSettings(url, true, false);
+
                         // Reset `navigatingHistory`.
                         navigatingHistory = false;
 
-                        // Apply the domain settings.
-                        applyDomainSettings(url, true, false);
+                        // Manually load the URL if the user agent has changed, which will have caused the previous URL to be reloaded.
+                        if (userAgentChanged) {
+                            loadUrl(formattedUrlString);
+                        }
                     }
 
                     // Set `urlIsLoading` to `true`, so that redirects while loading do not trigger changes in the user agent, which forces another reload of the existing page.
                     urlIsLoading = true;
+
+                    // Replace Refresh with Stop if the menu item has been created.  (The WebView typically begins loading before the menu items are instantiated.)
+                    if (refreshMenuItem != null) {
+                        // Set the title.
+                        refreshMenuItem.setTitle(R.string.stop);
+
+                        // If the icon is displayed in the AppBar, set it according to the theme.
+                        if (displayAdditionalAppBarIcons) {
+                            if (darkTheme) {
+                                refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.close_dark);
+                            } else {
+                                refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.close_light);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
                 }
             }
 
             // It is necessary to update `formattedUrlString` and `urlTextBox` after the page finishes loading because the final URL can change during load.
             @Override
             public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
+                // Reset the wide view port if it has been turned off by the waiting for Orbot message.
+                if (!waitingForOrbot) {
+                    mainWebView.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(true);
+                }
+
                 // Flush any cookies to persistent storage.  `CookieManager` has become very lazy about flushing cookies in recent versions.
                 if (firstPartyCookiesEnabled && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
                     cookieManager.flush();
                 }
 
+                // Update the Refresh menu item if it has been created.
+                if (refreshMenuItem != null) {
+                    // Reset the Refresh title.
+                    refreshMenuItem.setTitle(R.string.refresh);
+
+                    // If the icon is displayed in the AppBar, reset it according to the theme.
+                    if (displayAdditionalAppBarIcons) {
+                        if (darkTheme) {
+                            refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.refresh_enabled_dark);
+                        } else {
+                            refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.refresh_enabled_light);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
                 // Reset `urlIsLoading`, which is used to prevent reloads on redirect if the user agent changes.
                 urlIsLoading = false;
 
@@ -1562,7 +1708,8 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                     sslCertificate = mainWebView.getCertificate();
 
                     // Check the current website SSL certificate against the pinned SSL certificate if there is a pinned SSL certificate the user has not chosen to ignore it for this session.
-                    if (pinnedDomainSslCertificate && !ignorePinnedSslCertificate) {
+                    // Also ignore if changes in the user agent causes an error while navigating history.
+                    if (pinnedDomainSslCertificate && !ignorePinnedSslCertificate && navigatingHistory) {
                         // Initialize the current SSL certificate variables.
                         String currentWebsiteIssuedToCName = "";
                         String currentWebsiteIssuedToOName = "";
@@ -1659,6 +1806,34 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             }
         });
 
+        // Get the intent that started the app.
+        Intent launchingIntent = getIntent();
+
+        // Get the information from the intent.
+        String launchingIntentAction = launchingIntent.getAction();
+        Uri launchingIntentUriData = launchingIntent.getData();
+
+        // If the intent action is a web search, perform the search.
+        if ((launchingIntentAction != null) && launchingIntentAction.equals(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH)) {
+            // Create an encoded URL string.
+            String encodedUrlString;
+
+            Log.i("Intent", launchingIntent.getStringExtra(SearchManager.QUERY));
+
+            // Sanitize the search input and convert it to a search.
+            try {
+                encodedUrlString = URLEncoder.encode(launchingIntent.getStringExtra(SearchManager.QUERY), "UTF-8");
+            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException exception) {
+                encodedUrlString = "";
+            }
+
+            // Add the base search URL.
+            formattedUrlString = searchURL + encodedUrlString;
+        } else if (launchingIntentUriData != null){  // Check to see if the intent contains a new URL.
+            // Set the formatted URL string.
+            formattedUrlString = launchingIntentUriData.toString();
+        }
+
         // Load the website if not waiting for Orbot to connect.
         if (!waitingForOrbot) {
             loadUrl(formattedUrlString);
@@ -1670,27 +1845,46 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Sets the new intent as the activity intent, so that any future `getIntent()`s pick up this one instead of creating a new activity.
         setIntent(intent);
 
-        // Check to see if the intent contains a new URL.
-        if (intent.getData() != null) {
-            // Get the intent data.
-            final Uri intentUriData = intent.getData();
+        Log.i("Intent", intent.getAction());
 
-            // Load the website.
-            loadUrl(intentUriData.toString());
+        // Get the information from the intent.
+        String intentAction = intent.getAction();
+        Uri intentUriData = intent.getData();
 
-            // Close the navigation drawer if it is open.
-            if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.START)) {
-                drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
-            }
+        // If the intent action is a web search, perform the search.
+        if ((intentAction != null) && intentAction.equals(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH)) {
+            // Create an encoded URL string.
+            String encodedUrlString;
 
-            // Close the bookmarks drawer if it is open.
-            if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.END)) {
-                drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.END);
+            // Sanitize the search input and convert it to a search.
+            try {
+                encodedUrlString = URLEncoder.encode(intent.getStringExtra(SearchManager.QUERY), "UTF-8");
+            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException exception) {
+                encodedUrlString = "";
             }
 
-            // Clear the keyboard if displayed and remove the focus on the urlTextBar if it has it.
-            mainWebView.requestFocus();
+            // Add the base search URL.
+            formattedUrlString = searchURL + encodedUrlString;
+        } else if (intentUriData != null){  // Check to see if the intent contains a new URL.
+            // Set the formatted URL string.
+            formattedUrlString = intentUriData.toString();
+        }
+
+        // Load the URL.
+        loadUrl(formattedUrlString);
+
+        // Close the navigation drawer if it is open.
+        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.START)) {
+            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
+        }
+
+        // Close the bookmarks drawer if it is open.
+        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.END)) {
+            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.END);
         }
+
+        // Clear the keyboard if displayed and remove the focus on the urlTextBar if it has it.
+        mainWebView.requestFocus();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1782,8 +1976,11 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
         // Display a message to the user if waiting for Orbot.
         if (waitingForOrbot && !orbotStatus.equals("ON")) {
+            // Disable the wide view port so that the waiting for Orbot text is displayed correctly.
+            mainWebView.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(false);
+
             // Load a waiting page.  `null` specifies no encoding, which defaults to ASCII.
-            mainWebView.loadData(waitingForOrbotHTMLString, "text/html", null);
+            mainWebView.loadData(waitingForOrbotHtmlString, "text/html", null);
         }
 
         if (displayingFullScreenVideo) {
@@ -1824,6 +2021,10 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Unregister the Orbot status broadcast receiver.
         this.unregisterReceiver(orbotStatusBroadcastReceiver);
 
+        // Close the bookmarks cursor and database.
+        bookmarksCursor.close();
+        bookmarksDatabaseHelper.close();
+
         // Run the default commands.
         super.onDestroy();
     }
@@ -1845,7 +2046,14 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         MenuItem toggleDomStorageMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.toggle_dom_storage);
         MenuItem toggleSaveFormDataMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.toggle_save_form_data);  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
         MenuItem clearFormDataMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.clear_form_data);  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
-        MenuItem refreshMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.refresh);
+        refreshMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.refresh);
+        blocklistsMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.blocklists);
+        easyListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.easylist);
+        easyPrivacyMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.easyprivacy);
+        fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fanboys_annoyance_list);
+        fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fanboys_social_blocking_list);
+        ultraPrivacyMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.ultraprivacy);
+        blockAllThirdPartyRequestsMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.block_all_third_party_requests);
         MenuItem adConsentMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.ad_consent);
 
         // Only display third-party cookies if API >= 21
@@ -1858,11 +2066,14 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Only show Ad Consent if this is the free flavor.
         adConsentMenuItem.setVisible(BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free"));
 
-        // Get the shared preference values.  `this` references the current context.
+        // Get the shared preference values.
         SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
 
+        // Get the status of the additional AppBar icons.
+        displayAdditionalAppBarIcons = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("display_additional_app_bar_icons", false);
+
         // Set the status of the additional app bar icons.  Setting the refresh menu item to `SHOW_AS_ACTION_ALWAYS` makes it appear even on small devices like phones.
-        if (sharedPreferences.getBoolean("display_additional_app_bar_icons", false)) {
+        if (displayAdditionalAppBarIcons) {
             toggleFirstPartyCookiesMenuItem.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
             toggleDomStorageMenuItem.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
             refreshMenuItem.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_ALWAYS);
@@ -1872,6 +2083,21 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             refreshMenuItem.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_NEVER);
         }
 
+        // Replace Refresh with Stop if a URL is already loading.
+        if (urlIsLoading) {
+            // Set the title.
+            refreshMenuItem.setTitle(R.string.stop);
+
+            // If the icon is displayed in the AppBar, set it according to the theme.
+            if (displayAdditionalAppBarIcons) {
+                if (darkTheme) {
+                    refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.close_dark);
+                } else {
+                    refreshMenuItem.setIcon(R.drawable.close_light);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -1887,15 +2113,11 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         MenuItem clearCookiesMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.clear_cookies);
         MenuItem clearDOMStorageMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.clear_dom_storage);
         MenuItem clearFormDataMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.clear_form_data);  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
-        MenuItem easyListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.easylist);
-        MenuItem easyPrivacyMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.easyprivacy);
-        MenuItem fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fanboys_annoyance_list);
-        MenuItem fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fanboys_social_blocking_list);
-        MenuItem ultraPrivacyMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.ultraprivacy);
-        MenuItem blockAllThirdParyRequestsMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.block_all_third_party_requests);
         MenuItem fontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.font_size);
         MenuItem swipeToRefreshMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.swipe_to_refresh);
         MenuItem displayImagesMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.display_images);
+        MenuItem nightModeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.night_mode);
+        MenuItem proxyThroughOrbotMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.proxy_through_orbot);
 
         // Set the text for the domain menu item.
         if (domainSettingsApplied) {
@@ -1914,9 +2136,11 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem.setChecked(fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled);
         fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem.setChecked(fanboysSocialBlockingListEnabled);
         ultraPrivacyMenuItem.setChecked(ultraPrivacyEnabled);
-        blockAllThirdParyRequestsMenuItem.setChecked(blockAllThirdPartyRequests);
+        blockAllThirdPartyRequestsMenuItem.setChecked(blockAllThirdPartyRequests);
         swipeToRefreshMenuItem.setChecked(swipeRefreshLayout.isEnabled());
         displayImagesMenuItem.setChecked(mainWebView.getSettings().getLoadsImagesAutomatically());
+        nightModeMenuItem.setChecked(nightMode);
+        proxyThroughOrbotMenuItem.setChecked(proxyThroughOrbot);
 
         // Enable third-party cookies if first-party cookies are enabled.
         toggleThirdPartyCookiesMenuItem.setEnabled(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);
@@ -1959,6 +2183,47 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Disable Fanboy's Social Blocking List if Fanboy's Annoyance List is checked.
         fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem.setEnabled(!fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled);
 
+        // Initialize the display names for the blocklists with the number of blocked requests.
+        blocklistsMenuItem.setTitle(getString(R.string.blocklists) + " - " + blockedRequests);
+        easyListMenuItem.setTitle(easyListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.easylist));
+        easyPrivacyMenuItem.setTitle(easyPrivacyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.easyprivacy));
+        fanboysAnnoyanceListMenuItem.setTitle(fanboysAnnoyanceListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.fanboys_annoyance_list));
+        fanboysSocialBlockingListMenuItem.setTitle(fanboysSocialBlockingListBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.fanboys_social_blocking_list));
+        ultraPrivacyMenuItem.setTitle(ultraPrivacyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.ultraprivacy));
+        blockAllThirdPartyRequestsMenuItem.setTitle(thirdPartyBlockedRequests + " - " + getString(R.string.block_all_third_party_requests));
+
+        // Get the current user agent.
+        String currentUserAgent = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
+
+        // Select the current user agent menu item.  A switch statement cannot be used because the user agents are not compile time constants.
+        if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[0])) {  // Privacy Browser.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_privacy_browser).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(webViewDefaultUserAgent)) {  // WebView Default.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_webview_default).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[2])) {  // Firefox on Android.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_android).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[3])) {  // Chrome on Android.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_chrome_on_android).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[4])) {  // Safari on iOS.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_safari_on_ios).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[5])) {  // Firefox on Linux.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_linux).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[6])) {  // Chromium on Linux.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_chromium_on_linux).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[7])) {  // Firefox on Windows.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_windows).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[8])) {  // Chrome on Windows.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_chrome_on_windows).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[9])) {  // Edge on Windows.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_edge_on_windows).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[10])) {  // Internet Explorer on Windows.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_internet_explorer_on_windows).setChecked(true);
+        } else if (currentUserAgent.equals(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[11])) {  // Safari on macOS.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_safari_on_macos).setChecked(true);
+        } else {  // Custom user agent.
+            menu.findItem(R.id.user_agent_custom).setChecked(true);
+        }
+
         // Initialize font size variables.
         int fontSize = mainWebView.getSettings().getTextZoom();
         String fontSizeTitle;
@@ -2246,19 +2511,27 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                                         WebStorage webStorage = WebStorage.getInstance();
                                         webStorage.deleteAllData();
 
-                                        // Manually delete the DOM storage files and directories.
-                                        try {
-                                            // A `String[]` must be used because the directory contains a space and `Runtime.exec` will otherwise not escape the string correctly.
-                                            privacyBrowserRuntime.exec(new String[] {"rm", "-rf", privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/Local Storage/"});
-
-                                            // Multiple commands must be used because `Runtime.exec()` does not like `*`.
-                                            privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -rf " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/IndexedDB");
-                                            privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -f " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/QuotaManager");
-                                            privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -f " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/QuotaManager-journal");
-                                            privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -rf " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/databases");
-                                        } catch (IOException e) {
-                                            // Do nothing if an error is thrown.
-                                        }
+                                        // Initialize a handler to manually delete the DOM storage files and directories.
+                                        Handler deleteDomStorageHandler = new Handler();
+
+                                        // Setup a runnable to manually delete the DOM storage files and directories.
+                                        Runnable deleteDomStorageRunnable = () -> {
+                                            try {
+                                                // A `String[]` must be used because the directory contains a space and `Runtime.exec` will otherwise not escape the string correctly.
+                                                privacyBrowserRuntime.exec(new String[]{"rm", "-rf", privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/Local Storage/"});
+
+                                                // Multiple commands must be used because `Runtime.exec()` does not like `*`.
+                                                privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -rf " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/IndexedDB");
+                                                privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -f " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/QuotaManager");
+                                                privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -f " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/QuotaManager-journal");
+                                                privacyBrowserRuntime.exec("rm -rf " + privateDataDirectoryString + "/app_webview/databases");
+                                            } catch (IOException e) {
+                                                // Do nothing if an error is thrown.
+                                            }
+                                        };
+
+                                        // Manually delete the DOM storage files after 200 milliseconds.
+                                        deleteDomStorageHandler.postDelayed(deleteDomStorageRunnable, 200);
                                 }
                             }
                         })
@@ -2291,61 +2564,6 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                         .show();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.font_size_twenty_five_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(25);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_fifty_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(50);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_seventy_five_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(75);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(100);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_twenty_five_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(125);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_fifty_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(150);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_seventy_five_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(175);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.font_size_two_hundred_percent:
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(200);
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.swipe_to_refresh:
-                // Toggle swipe to refresh.
-                swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(!swipeRefreshLayout.isEnabled());
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.display_images:
-                if (mainWebView.getSettings().getLoadsImagesAutomatically()) {  // Images are currently loaded automatically.
-                    mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(false);
-                    mainWebView.reload();
-                } else {  // Images are not currently loaded automatically.
-                    mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(true);
-                }
-
-                // Set `onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet`.
-                onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet = true;
-                return true;
-
-            case R.id.view_source:
-                // Launch the View Source activity.
-                Intent viewSourceIntent = new Intent(this, ViewSourceActivity.class);
-                startActivity(viewSourceIntent);
-                return true;
-
             case R.id.easylist:
                 // Toggle the EasyList status.
                 easyListEnabled = !easyListEnabled;
@@ -2416,97 +2634,295 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.share:
-                // Setup the share string.
-                String shareString = webViewTitle + " – " + urlTextBox.getText().toString();
-
-                // Create the share intent.
-                Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
-                shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
-                shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, shareString);
-                shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
+            case R.id.user_agent_privacy_browser:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[0]);
 
-                // Make it so.
-                startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share URL"));
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.find_on_page:
-                // Hide the URL app bar.
-                supportAppBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
+            case R.id.user_agent_webview_default:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString("");
 
-                // Show the Find on Page `RelativeLayout`.
-                findOnPageLinearLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
 
-                // Display the keyboard.  We have to wait 200 ms before running the command to work around a bug in Android.
-                // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5520085/android-show-softkeyboard-with-showsoftinput-is-not-working
-                findOnPageEditText.postDelayed(() -> {
-                    // Set the focus on `findOnPageEditText`.
-                    findOnPageEditText.requestFocus();
+            case R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_android:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[2]);
 
-                    // Display the keyboard.  `0` sets no input flags.
-                    inputMethodManager.showSoftInput(findOnPageEditText, 0);
-                }, 200);
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.print:
-                // Get a `PrintManager` instance.
-                PrintManager printManager = (PrintManager) getSystemService(Context.PRINT_SERVICE);
+            case R.id.user_agent_chrome_on_android:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[3]);
 
-                // Convert `mainWebView` to `printDocumentAdapter`.
-                PrintDocumentAdapter printDocumentAdapter = mainWebView.createPrintDocumentAdapter();
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
 
-                // Remove the lint error below that `printManager` might be `null`.
-                assert printManager != null;
+            case R.id.user_agent_safari_on_ios:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[4]);
 
-                // Print the document.  The print attributes are `null`.
-                printManager.print(getString(R.string.privacy_browser_web_page), printDocumentAdapter, null);
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.add_to_homescreen:
-                // Show the `CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog` `AlertDialog` and name this instance `R.string.create_shortcut`.
-                AppCompatDialogFragment createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment = new CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog();
-                createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.create_shortcut));
+            case R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_linux:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[5]);
 
-                //Everything else will be handled by `CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog` and the associated listener below.
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.refresh:
+            case R.id.user_agent_chromium_on_linux:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[6]);
+
+                // Reload the WebView.
                 mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            case R.id.ad_consent:
-                // Display the ad consent dialog.
-                DialogFragment adConsentDialogFragment = new AdConsentDialog();
-                adConsentDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.ad_consent));
+            case R.id.user_agent_firefox_on_windows:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[7]);
+
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
                 return true;
 
-            default:
-                // Don't consume the event.
-                return super.onOptionsItemSelected(menuItem);
-        }
-    }
+            case R.id.user_agent_chrome_on_windows:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[8]);
 
-    // removeAllCookies is deprecated, but it is required for API < 21.
-    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-    @Override
-    public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem menuItem) {
-        int menuItemId = menuItem.getItemId();
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
 
-        switch (menuItemId) {
-            case R.id.home:
-                loadUrl(homepage);
-                break;
+            case R.id.user_agent_edge_on_windows:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[9]);
 
-            case R.id.back:
-                if (mainWebView.canGoBack()) {
-                    // Reset the formatted URL string so the page will load correctly if blocking of third-party requests is enabled.
-                    formattedUrlString = "";
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
 
-                    // Set `navigatingHistory` so that the domain settings are applied when the new URL is loaded.
-                    navigatingHistory = true;
+            case R.id.user_agent_internet_explorer_on_windows:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[10]);
 
-                    // Load the previous website in the history.
-                    mainWebView.goBack();
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.user_agent_safari_on_macos:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(getResources().getStringArray(R.array.user_agent_data)[11]);
+
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.user_agent_custom:
+                // Update the user agent.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(defaultCustomUserAgentString);
+
+                // Reload the WebView.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_twenty_five_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(25);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_fifty_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(50);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_seventy_five_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(75);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(100);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_twenty_five_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(125);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_fifty_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(150);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_one_hundred_seventy_five_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(175);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.font_size_two_hundred_percent:
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(200);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.swipe_to_refresh:
+                // Toggle swipe to refresh.
+                swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(!swipeRefreshLayout.isEnabled());
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.display_images:
+                if (mainWebView.getSettings().getLoadsImagesAutomatically()) {  // Images are currently loaded automatically.
+                    mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(false);
+                    mainWebView.reload();
+                } else {  // Images are not currently loaded automatically.
+                    mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(true);
+                }
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.night_mode:
+                // Toggle night mode.
+                nightMode = !nightMode;
+
+                // Enable or disable JavaScript according to night mode, the global preference, and any domain settings.
+                if (nightMode) {  // Night mode is enabled.  Enable JavaScript.
+                    // Update the global variable.
+                    javaScriptEnabled = true;
+                } else if (domainSettingsApplied) {  // Night mode is disabled and domain settings are applied.  Set JavaScript according to the domain settings.
+                    // Get the JavaScript preference that was stored the last time domain settings were loaded.
+                    javaScriptEnabled = domainSettingsJavaScriptEnabled;
+                } else {  // Night mode is disabled and domain settings are not applied.  Set JavaScript according to the global preference.
+                    // Get a handle for the shared preference.
+                    SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
+
+                    // Get the JavaScript preference.
+                    javaScriptEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("javascript", false);
+                }
+
+                // Apply the JavaScript setting to the WebView.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(javaScriptEnabled);
+
+                // Update the privacy icons.
+                updatePrivacyIcons(false);
+
+                // Reload the website.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.print:
+                // Get a `PrintManager` instance.
+                PrintManager printManager = (PrintManager) getSystemService(Context.PRINT_SERVICE);
+
+                // Convert `mainWebView` to `printDocumentAdapter`.
+                PrintDocumentAdapter printDocumentAdapter = mainWebView.createPrintDocumentAdapter();
+
+                // Remove the lint error below that `printManager` might be `null`.
+                assert printManager != null;
+
+                // Print the document.  The print attributes are `null`.
+                printManager.print(getString(R.string.privacy_browser_web_page), printDocumentAdapter, null);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.view_source:
+                // Launch the View Source activity.
+                Intent viewSourceIntent = new Intent(this, ViewSourceActivity.class);
+                startActivity(viewSourceIntent);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.proxy_through_orbot:
+                // Toggle the proxy through Orbot variable.
+                proxyThroughOrbot = !proxyThroughOrbot;
+
+                // Apply the proxy through Orbot settings.
+                applyProxyThroughOrbot(true);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.share:
+                // Setup the share string.
+                String shareString = webViewTitle + " – " + urlTextBox.getText().toString();
+
+                // Create the share intent.
+                Intent shareIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
+                shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, shareString);
+                shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
+
+                // Make it so.
+                startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share URL"));
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.find_on_page:
+                // Hide the URL app bar.
+                supportAppBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
+
+                // Show the Find on Page `RelativeLayout`.
+                findOnPageLinearLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
+
+                // Display the keyboard.  We have to wait 200 ms before running the command to work around a bug in Android.
+                // http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5520085/android-show-softkeyboard-with-showsoftinput-is-not-working
+                findOnPageEditText.postDelayed(() -> {
+                    // Set the focus on `findOnPageEditText`.
+                    findOnPageEditText.requestFocus();
+
+                    // Display the keyboard.  `0` sets no input flags.
+                    inputMethodManager.showSoftInput(findOnPageEditText, 0);
+                }, 200);
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.add_to_homescreen:
+                // Show the `CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog` `AlertDialog` and name this instance `R.string.create_shortcut`.
+                AppCompatDialogFragment createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment = new CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog();
+                createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.create_shortcut));
+
+                //Everything else will be handled by `CreateHomeScreenShortcutDialog` and the associated listener below.
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.refresh:
+                if (menuItem.getTitle().equals(getString(R.string.refresh))) {  // The refresh button was pushed.
+                    // Reload the WebView.
+                    mainWebView.reload();
+                } else {  // The stop button was pushed.
+                    // Stop the loading of the WebView.
+                    mainWebView.stopLoading();
+                }
+                return true;
+
+            case R.id.ad_consent:
+                // Display the ad consent dialog.
+                DialogFragment adConsentDialogFragment = new AdConsentDialog();
+                adConsentDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.ad_consent));
+                return true;
+
+            default:
+                // Don't consume the event.
+                return super.onOptionsItemSelected(menuItem);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // removeAllCookies is deprecated, but it is required for API < 21.
+    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
+    @Override
+    public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem menuItem) {
+        int menuItemId = menuItem.getItemId();
+
+        switch (menuItemId) {
+            case R.id.home:
+                loadUrl(homepage);
+                break;
+
+            case R.id.back:
+                if (mainWebView.canGoBack()) {
+                    // Reset the formatted URL string so the page will load correctly if blocking of third-party requests is enabled.
+                    formattedUrlString = "";
+
+                    // Set `navigatingHistory` so that the domain settings are applied when the new URL is loaded.
+                    navigatingHistory = true;
+
+                    // Load the previous website in the history.
+                    mainWebView.goBack();
                 }
                 break;
 
@@ -2571,6 +2987,12 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 startActivity(settingsIntent);
                 break;
 
+            case R.id.import_export:
+                // Launch the import/export activity.
+                Intent importExportIntent = new Intent (this, ImportExportActivity.class);
+                startActivity(importExportIntent);
+                break;
+
             case R.id.guide:
                 // Launch `GuideActivity`.
                 Intent guideIntent = new Intent(this, GuideActivity.class);
@@ -2584,6 +3006,10 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 break;
 
             case R.id.clearAndExit:
+                // Close the bookmarks cursor and database.
+                bookmarksCursor.close();
+                bookmarksDatabaseHelper.close();
+
                 // Get a handle for `sharedPreferences`.  `this` references the current context.
                 SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
 
@@ -2722,7 +3148,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Reload the ad for the free flavor if we not in full screen mode.
         if (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free") && !inFullScreenBrowsingMode) {
             // Reload the ad.  The AdView is destroyed and recreated, which changes the ID, every time it is reloaded to handle possible rotations.
-            AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_id));
+            AdHelper.loadAd(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_unit_id));
         }
 
         // `invalidateOptionsMenu` should recalculate the number of action buttons from the menu to display on the app bar, but it doesn't because of the this bug:
@@ -2772,32 +3198,35 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                 // Add a Download URL entry.
                 menu.add(R.string.download_url).setOnMenuItemClickListener((MenuItem item) -> {
-                    // Check to see if the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
-                        // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission needs to be requested.
-
-                        // Store the variables for future use by `onRequestPermissionsResult()`.
-                        downloadUrl = linkUrl;
-                        downloadContentDisposition = "none";
-                        downloadContentLength = -1;
-
-                        // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
-                        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
-                            // Get a handle for the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_FILE.
-                            DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_FILE);
-
-                            // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the the dialog is closed.
-                            downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
-                        } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
-                            // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
-                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_FILE_REQUEST_CODE);
-                        }
-                    } else {  // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                        // Get a handle for the download file alert dialog.
-                        AppCompatDialogFragment downloadFileDialogFragment = DownloadFileDialog.fromUrl(linkUrl, "none", -1);
+                    // Check if the download should be processed by an external app.
+                    if (downloadWithExternalApp) {  // Download with an external app.
+                        openUrlWithExternalApp(linkUrl);
+                    } else {  // Download with Android's download manager.
+                        // Check to see if the storage permission has already been granted.
+                        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {  // The storage permission needs to be requested.
+                            // Store the variables for future use by `onRequestPermissionsResult()`.
+                            downloadUrl = linkUrl;
+                            downloadContentDisposition = "none";
+                            downloadContentLength = -1;
+
+                            // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
+                            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
+                                // Instantiate the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_FILE.
+                                DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_FILE);
+
+                                // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the the dialog is closed.
+                                downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
+                            } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
+                                // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
+                                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_FILE_REQUEST_CODE);
+                            }
+                        } else {  // The storage permission has already been granted.
+                            // Get a handle for the download file alert dialog.
+                            AppCompatDialogFragment downloadFileDialogFragment = DownloadFileDialog.fromUrl(linkUrl, "none", -1);
 
-                        // Show the download file alert dialog.
-                        downloadFileDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                            // Show the download file alert dialog.
+                            downloadFileDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                        }
                     }
                     return false;
                 });
@@ -2815,7 +3244,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                 // Add a `Write Email` entry.
                 menu.add(R.string.write_email).setOnMenuItemClickListener(item -> {
-                    // We use `ACTION_SENDTO` instead of `ACTION_SEND` so that only email programs are launched.
+                    // Use `ACTION_SENDTO` instead of `ACTION_SEND` so that only email programs are launched.
                     Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
 
                     // Parse the url and set it as the data for the `Intent`.
@@ -2859,30 +3288,33 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                 // Add a `Download Image` entry.
                 menu.add(R.string.download_image).setOnMenuItemClickListener((MenuItem item) -> {
-                    // Check to see if the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
-                        // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission needs to be requested.
-
-                        // Store the image URL for use by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
-                        downloadImageUrl = imageUrl;
-
-                        // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
-                        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
-                            // Get a handle for the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_IMAGE.
-                            DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_IMAGE);
-
-                            // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the dialog is closed.
-                            downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
-                        } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
-                            // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult().
-                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
-                        }
-                    } else {  // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                        // Get a handle for the download image alert dialog.
-                        AppCompatDialogFragment downloadImageDialogFragment = DownloadImageDialog.imageUrl(imageUrl);
+                    // Check if the download should be processed by an external app.
+                    if (downloadWithExternalApp) {  // Download with an external app.
+                        openUrlWithExternalApp(imageUrl);
+                    } else {  // Download with Android's download manager.
+                        // Check to see if the storage permission has already been granted.
+                        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {  // The storage permission needs to be requested.
+                            // Store the image URL for use by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
+                            downloadImageUrl = imageUrl;
+
+                            // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
+                            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
+                                // Instantiate the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_IMAGE.
+                                DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_IMAGE);
+
+                                // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the dialog is closed.
+                                downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
+                            } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
+                                // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult().
+                                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
+                            }
+                        } else {  // The storage permission has already been granted.
+                            // Get a handle for the download image alert dialog.
+                            AppCompatDialogFragment downloadImageDialogFragment = DownloadImageDialog.imageUrl(imageUrl);
 
-                        // Show the download image alert dialog.
-                        downloadImageDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                            // Show the download image alert dialog.
+                            downloadImageDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                        }
                     }
                     return false;
                 });
@@ -2918,30 +3350,33 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                 // Add a `Download Image` entry.
                 menu.add(R.string.download_image).setOnMenuItemClickListener((MenuItem item) -> {
-                    // Check to see if the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
-                        // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission needs to be requested.
-
-                        // Store the image URL for use by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
-                        downloadImageUrl = imageUrl;
-
-                        // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
-                        if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
-                            // Get a handle for the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_IMAGE.
-                            DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_IMAGE);
-
-                            // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the dialog is closed.
-                            downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
-                        } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
-                            // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult().
-                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[] {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
-                        }
-                    } else {  // The WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission has already been granted.
-                        // Get a handle for the download image alert dialog.
-                        AppCompatDialogFragment downloadImageDialogFragment = DownloadImageDialog.imageUrl(imageUrl);
+                    // Check if the download should be processed by an external app.
+                    if (downloadWithExternalApp) {  // Download with an external app.
+                        openUrlWithExternalApp(imageUrl);
+                    } else {  // Download with Android's download manager.
+                        // Check to see if the storage permission has already been granted.
+                        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {  // The storage permission needs to be requested.
+                            // Store the image URL for use by `onRequestPermissionResult()`.
+                            downloadImageUrl = imageUrl;
+
+                            // Show a dialog if the user has previously denied the permission.
+                            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)) {  // Show a dialog explaining the request first.
+                                // Instantiate the download location permission alert dialog and set the download type to DOWNLOAD_IMAGE.
+                                DialogFragment downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment = DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.downloadType(DownloadLocationPermissionDialog.DOWNLOAD_IMAGE);
+
+                                // Show the download location permission alert dialog.  The permission will be requested when the dialog is closed.
+                                downloadLocationPermissionDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download_location));
+                            } else {  // Show the permission request directly.
+                                // Request the permission.  The download dialog will be launched by `onRequestPermissionResult().
+                                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, DOWNLOAD_IMAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
+                            }
+                        } else {  // The storage permission has already been granted.
+                            // Get a handle for the download image alert dialog.
+                            AppCompatDialogFragment downloadImageDialogFragment = DownloadImageDialog.imageUrl(imageUrl);
 
-                        // Show the download image alert dialog.
-                        downloadImageDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                            // Show the download image alert dialog.
+                            downloadImageDialogFragment.show(getSupportFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.download));
+                        }
                     }
                     return false;
                 });
@@ -3048,8 +3483,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         IconCompat favoriteIcon = IconCompat.createWithBitmap(favoriteIconBitmap);
 
         // Setup the shortcut intent.
-        Intent shortcutIntent = new Intent();
-        shortcutIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
+        Intent shortcutIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
         shortcutIntent.setData(Uri.parse(formattedUrlString));
 
         // Create a shortcut info builder.  The shortcut name becomes the shortcut ID.
@@ -3080,7 +3514,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String permissions[], @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
+    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
         switch (requestCode) {
             case DOWNLOAD_FILE_REQUEST_CODE:
                 // Show the download file alert dialog.  When the dialog closes, the correct command will be used based on the permission status.
@@ -3429,15 +3863,15 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         }
     }
 
-    private void loadUrlFromTextBox() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
+    private void loadUrlFromTextBox() {
         // Get the text from urlTextBox and convert it to a string.  trim() removes white spaces from the beginning and end of the string.
         String unformattedUrlString = urlTextBox.getText().toString().trim();
 
         // Check to see if `unformattedUrlString` is a valid URL.  Otherwise, convert it into a search.
         if ((Patterns.WEB_URL.matcher(unformattedUrlString).matches()) || (unformattedUrlString.startsWith("http://")) || (unformattedUrlString.startsWith("https://"))) {
-            // Add `http://` at the beginning if it is missing.  Otherwise the app will segfault.
+            // Add `https://` at the beginning if it is missing.  Otherwise the app will segfault.
             if (!unformattedUrlString.startsWith("http")) {
-                unformattedUrlString = "http://" + unformattedUrlString;
+                unformattedUrlString = "https://" + unformattedUrlString;
             }
 
             // Initialize `unformattedUrl`.
@@ -3451,24 +3885,36 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             }
 
             // The ternary operator (? :) makes sure that a null pointer exception is not thrown, which would happen if `.get` was called on a `null` value.
-            final String scheme = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getProtocol() : null;
-            final String authority = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getAuthority() : null;
-            final String path = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getPath() : null;
-            final String query = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getQuery() : null;
-            final String fragment = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getRef() : null;
+            String scheme = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getProtocol() : null;
+            String authority = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getAuthority() : null;
+            String path = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getPath() : null;
+            String query = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getQuery() : null;
+            String fragment = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getRef() : null;
 
             // Build the URI.
             Uri.Builder formattedUri = new Uri.Builder();
             formattedUri.scheme(scheme).authority(authority).path(path).query(query).fragment(fragment);
 
             // Decode `formattedUri` as a `String` in `UTF-8`.
-            formattedUrlString = URLDecoder.decode(formattedUri.build().toString(), "UTF-8");
+            try {
+                formattedUrlString = URLDecoder.decode(formattedUri.build().toString(), "UTF-8");
+            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException exception) {
+                // Load a blank string.
+                formattedUrlString = "";
+            }
         } else if (unformattedUrlString.isEmpty()){  // Load a blank web site.
             // Load a blank string.
             formattedUrlString = "";
         } else {  // Search for the contents of the URL box.
-            // Sanitize the search input and convert it to a search.
-            final String encodedUrlString = URLEncoder.encode(unformattedUrlString, "UTF-8");
+            // Create an encoded URL String.
+            String encodedUrlString;
+
+            // Sanitize the search input.
+            try {
+                encodedUrlString = URLEncoder.encode(unformattedUrlString, "UTF-8");
+            } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException exception) {
+                encodedUrlString = "";
+            }
 
             // Add the base search URL.
             formattedUrlString = searchURL + encodedUrlString;
@@ -3488,8 +3934,8 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         // Apply the domain settings.
         applyDomainSettings(url, true, false);
 
-        // Set `urlIsLoading` to prevent changes in the user agent on websites with redirects from reloading the current website.
-        urlIsLoading = true;
+        // If loading a website, set `urlIsLoading` to prevent changes in the user agent on websites with redirects from reloading the current website.
+        urlIsLoading = !url.equals("");
 
         // Load the URL.
         mainWebView.loadUrl(url, customHeaders);
@@ -3527,84 +3973,16 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
 
         // Store the values from the shared preferences in variables.
-        String homepageString = sharedPreferences.getString("homepage", "https://searx.me/");
-        String torHomepageString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_homepage", "http://ulrn6sryqaifefld.onion/");
-        String torSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_search", "http://ulrn6sryqaifefld.onion/?q=");
-        String torSearchCustomURLString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_search_custom_url", "");
-        String searchString = sharedPreferences.getString("search", "https://searx.me/?q=");
-        String searchCustomURLString = sharedPreferences.getString("search_custom_url", "");
         incognitoModeEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("incognito_mode", false);
         boolean doNotTrackEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("do_not_track", false);
         proxyThroughOrbot = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("proxy_through_orbot", false);
         fullScreenBrowsingModeEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("full_screen_browsing_mode", false);
         hideSystemBarsOnFullscreen = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("hide_system_bars", false);
         translucentNavigationBarOnFullscreen = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("translucent_navigation_bar", true);
-        displayWebpageImagesBoolean = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("display_webpage_images", true);
-
-        // Set the homepage, search, and proxy options.
-        if (proxyThroughOrbot) {  // Set the Tor options.
-            // Set `torHomepageString` as `homepage`.
-            homepage = torHomepageString;
-
-            // If formattedUrlString is null assign the homepage to it.
-            if (formattedUrlString == null) {
-                formattedUrlString = homepage;
-            }
+        downloadWithExternalApp = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("download_with_external_app", false);
 
-            // Set the search URL.
-            if (torSearchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
-                searchURL = torSearchCustomURLString;
-            } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
-                searchURL = torSearchString;
-            }
-
-            // Set the proxy.  `this` refers to the current activity where an `AlertDialog` might be displayed.
-            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "localhost", "8118");
-
-            // Set the `appBar` background to indicate proxying through Orbot is enabled.  `this` refers to the context.
-            if (darkTheme) {
-                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.dark_blue_30));
-            } else {
-                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.blue_50));
-            }
-
-            // Display a message to the user if waiting for Orbot.
-            if (!orbotStatus.equals("ON")) {
-                // Set `waitingForOrbot`.
-                waitingForOrbot = true;
-
-                // Load a waiting page.  `null` specifies no encoding, which defaults to ASCII.
-                mainWebView.loadData(waitingForOrbotHTMLString, "text/html", null);
-            }
-        } else {  // Set the non-Tor options.
-            // Set `homepageString` as `homepage`.
-            homepage = homepageString;
-
-            // If formattedUrlString is null assign the homepage to it.
-            if (formattedUrlString == null) {
-                formattedUrlString = homepage;
-            }
-
-            // Set the search URL.
-            if (searchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
-                searchURL = searchCustomURLString;
-            } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
-                searchURL = searchString;
-            }
-
-            // Reset the proxy to default.  The host is `""` and the port is `"0"`.
-            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "", "0");
-
-            // Set the default `appBar` background.  `this` refers to the context.
-            if (darkTheme) {
-                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.gray_900));
-            } else {
-                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.gray_100));
-            }
-
-            // Reset `waitingForOrbot.
-            waitingForOrbot = false;
-        }
+        // Apply the proxy through Orbot settings.
+        applyProxyThroughOrbot(false);
 
         // Set Do Not Track status.
         if (doNotTrackEnabled) {
@@ -3657,7 +4035,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             // Show the `BannerAd` in the free flavor.
             if (BuildConfig.FLAVOR.contentEquals("free")) {
                 // Initialize the ad.  The AdView is destroyed and recreated, which changes the ID, every time it is reloaded to handle possible rotations.
-                AdHelper.initializeAds(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.ad_id));
+                AdHelper.initializeAds(findViewById(R.id.adview), getApplicationContext(), getFragmentManager(), getString(R.string.google_app_id), getString(R.string.ad_unit_id));
             }
 
             // Remove any `SYSTEM_UI` flags from `rootCoordinatorLayout`.
@@ -3677,7 +4055,13 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
     // `reloadWebsite` is used if returning from the Domains activity.  Otherwise JavaScript might not function correctly if it is newly enabled.
     // The deprecated `.getDrawable()` must be used until the minimum API >= 21.
     @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
-    private void applyDomainSettings(String url, boolean resetFavoriteIcon, boolean reloadWebsite) {
+    private boolean applyDomainSettings(String url, boolean resetFavoriteIcon, boolean reloadWebsite) {
+        // Get the current user agent.
+        String initialUserAgent = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
+
+        // Initialize a variable to track if the user agent changes.
+        boolean userAgentChanged = false;
+
         // Parse the URL into a URI.
         Uri uri = Uri.parse(url);
 
@@ -3715,8 +4099,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 favoriteIconImageView.setImageBitmap(Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(favoriteIconBitmap, 64, 64, true));
             }
 
-            // Initialize the database handler.  `this` specifies the context.  The two `nulls` do not specify the database name or a `CursorFactory`.
-            // The `0` specifies the database version, but that is ignored and set instead using a constant in `DomainsDatabaseHelper`.
+            // Initialize the database handler.  The `0` specifies the database version, but that is ignored and set instead using a constant in `DomainsDatabaseHelper`.
             DomainsDatabaseHelper domainsDatabaseHelper = new DomainsDatabaseHelper(this, null, null, 0);
 
             // Get a full cursor from `domainsDatabaseHelper`.
@@ -3769,13 +4152,14 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
             SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
 
             // Store the general preference information.
-            String defaultFontSizeString = sharedPreferences.getString("default_font_size", "100");
-            String defaultUserAgentName = sharedPreferences.getString("user_agent", "Privacy Browser");
-            String defaultCustomUserAgentString = sharedPreferences.getString("custom_user_agent", "PrivacyBrowser/1.0");
+            String defaultFontSizeString = sharedPreferences.getString("font_size", getString(R.string.font_size_default_value));
+            String defaultUserAgentName = sharedPreferences.getString("user_agent", getString(R.string.user_agent_default_value));
+            defaultCustomUserAgentString = sharedPreferences.getString("custom_user_agent", getString(R.string.custom_user_agent_default_value));
             boolean defaultSwipeToRefresh = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("swipe_to_refresh", true);
             nightMode = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("night_mode", false);
+            boolean displayWebpageImages = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("display_webpage_images", true);
 
-            if (domainSettingsApplied) {  // The url we are loading has custom domain settings.
+            if (domainSettingsApplied) {  // The url has custom domain settings.
                 // Get a cursor for the current host and move it to the first position.
                 Cursor currentHostDomainSettingsCursor = domainsDatabaseHelper.getCursorForDomainName(domainNameInDatabase);
                 currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.moveToFirst();
@@ -3798,7 +4182,7 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 int fontSize = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.FONT_SIZE));
                 int swipeToRefreshInt = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH));
                 int nightModeInt = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.NIGHT_MODE));
-                displayWebpageImagesInt = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_IMAGES));
+                int displayWebpageImagesInt = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_IMAGES));
                 pinnedDomainSslCertificate = (currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getInt(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.PINNED_SSL_CERTIFICATE)) == 1);
                 pinnedDomainSslIssuedToCNameString = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getString(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.SSL_ISSUED_TO_COMMON_NAME));
                 pinnedDomainSslIssuedToONameString = currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getString(currentHostDomainSettingsCursor.getColumnIndex(DomainsDatabaseHelper.SSL_ISSUED_TO_ORGANIZATION));
@@ -3818,7 +4202,10 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                         break;
                 }
 
-                // Set `javaScriptEnabled` to be `true` if `night_mode` is `true`.
+                // Store the domain JavaScript status.  This is used by the options menu night mode toggle.
+                domainSettingsJavaScriptEnabled = javaScriptEnabled;
+
+                // Enable JavaScript if night mode is enabled.
                 if (nightMode) {
                     javaScriptEnabled = true;
                 }
@@ -3911,25 +4298,43 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                         }
                     }
 
-                    // Set swipe to refresh.
-                    switch (swipeToRefreshInt) {
-                        case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_SYSTEM_DEFAULT:
-                            // Set swipe to refresh according to the default.
-                            swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(defaultSwipeToRefresh);
-                            break;
+                    // Store the applied user agent string, which is used in the View Source activity.
+                    appliedUserAgentString = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
 
-                        case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_ENABLED:
-                            // Enable swipe to refresh.
-                            swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(true);
-                            break;
+                    // Update the user agent change tracker.
+                    userAgentChanged = !appliedUserAgentString.equals(initialUserAgent);
+                }
 
-                        case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_DISABLED:
-                            // Disable swipe to refresh.
-                            swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(false);
-                    }
+                // Set swipe to refresh.
+                switch (swipeToRefreshInt) {
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_SYSTEM_DEFAULT:
+                        // Set swipe to refresh according to the default.
+                        swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(defaultSwipeToRefresh);
+                        break;
 
-                    // Store the applied user agent string, which is used in the View Source activity.
-                    appliedUserAgentString = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_ENABLED:
+                        // Enable swipe to refresh.
+                        swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(true);
+                        break;
+
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.SWIPE_TO_REFRESH_DISABLED:
+                        // Disable swipe to refresh.
+                        swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(false);
+                }
+
+                // Set the loading of webpage images.
+                switch (displayWebpageImagesInt) {
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_SYSTEM_DEFAULT:
+                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(displayWebpageImages);
+                        break;
+
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_ENABLED:
+                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(true);
+                        break;
+
+                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_DISABLED:
+                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(false);
+                        break;
                 }
 
                 // Set a green background on `urlTextBox` to indicate that custom domain settings are being used.  We have to use the deprecated `.getDrawable()` until the minimum API >= 21.
@@ -3940,15 +4345,15 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
                 }
             } else {  // The new URL does not have custom domain settings.  Load the defaults.
                 // Store the values from `sharedPreferences` in variables.
-                javaScriptEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("javascript_enabled", false);
-                firstPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("first_party_cookies_enabled", false);
-                thirdPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("third_party_cookies_enabled", false);
-                domStorageEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("dom_storage_enabled", false);
-                saveFormDataEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("save_form_data_enabled", false);  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
+                javaScriptEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("javascript", false);
+                firstPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("first_party_cookies", false);
+                thirdPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("third_party_cookies", false);
+                domStorageEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("dom_storage", false);
+                saveFormDataEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("save_form_data", false);  // Form data can be removed once the minimum API >= 26.
                 easyListEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("easylist", true);
                 easyPrivacyEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("easyprivacy", true);
-                fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("fanboy_annoyance_list", true);
-                fanboysSocialBlockingListEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("fanboy_social_blocking_list", true);
+                fanboysAnnoyanceListEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("fanboys_annoyance_list", true);
+                fanboysSocialBlockingListEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("fanboys_social_blocking_list", true);
                 ultraPrivacyEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("ultraprivacy", true);
                 blockAllThirdPartyRequests = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("block_all_third_party_requests", false);
 
@@ -4016,19 +4421,21 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
 
                     // Store the applied user agent string, which is used in the View Source activity.
                     appliedUserAgentString = mainWebView.getSettings().getUserAgentString();
+
+                    // Update the user agent change tracker.
+                    userAgentChanged = !appliedUserAgentString.equals(initialUserAgent);
                 }
 
+                // Set the loading of webpage images.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(displayWebpageImages);
+
                 // Set a transparent background on `urlTextBox`.  We have to use the deprecated `.getDrawable()` until the minimum API >= 21.
                 urlAppBarRelativeLayout.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().getDrawable(R.color.transparent));
             }
 
-            // Close `domainsDatabaseHelper`.
+            // Close the domains database helper.
             domainsDatabaseHelper.close();
 
-            // Remove the `onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet` flag and set the display webpage images mode.  `true` indicates that custom domain settings are applied.
-            onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet = false;
-            setDisplayWebpageImages();
-
             // Update the privacy icons, but only if `mainMenu` has already been populated.
             if (mainMenu != null) {
                 updatePrivacyIcons(true);
@@ -4039,26 +4446,96 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         if (reloadWebsite) {
             mainWebView.reload();
         }
+
+        // Return the user agent changed status.
+        return userAgentChanged;
     }
 
-    private void setDisplayWebpageImages() {
-        if (!onTheFlyDisplayImagesSet) {
-            if (domainSettingsApplied) {  // Custom domain settings are applied.
-                switch (displayWebpageImagesInt) {
-                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_SYSTEM_DEFAULT:
-                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(displayWebpageImagesBoolean);
-                        break;
+    private void applyProxyThroughOrbot(boolean reloadWebsite) {
+        // Get a handle for the shared preferences.
+        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);
 
-                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_ENABLED:
-                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(true);
-                        break;
+        // Get the search preferences.
+        String homepageString = sharedPreferences.getString("homepage", getString(R.string.homepage_default_value));
+        String torHomepageString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_homepage", getString(R.string.tor_homepage_default_value));
+        String torSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_search", getString(R.string.tor_search_default_value));
+        String torSearchCustomUrlString = sharedPreferences.getString("tor_search_custom_url", getString(R.string.tor_search_custom_url_default_value));
+        String searchString = sharedPreferences.getString("search", getString(R.string.search_default_value));
+        String searchCustomUrlString = sharedPreferences.getString("search_custom_url", getString(R.string.search_custom_url_default_value));
 
-                    case DomainsDatabaseHelper.DISPLAY_WEBPAGE_IMAGES_DISABLED:
-                        mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(false);
-                        break;
-                }
-            } else {  // Default settings are applied.
-                mainWebView.getSettings().setLoadsImagesAutomatically(displayWebpageImagesBoolean);
+        // Set the homepage, search, and proxy options.
+        if (proxyThroughOrbot) {  // Set the Tor options.
+            // Set `torHomepageString` as `homepage`.
+            homepage = torHomepageString;
+
+            // If formattedUrlString is null assign the homepage to it.
+            if (formattedUrlString == null) {
+                formattedUrlString = homepage;
+            }
+
+            // Set the search URL.
+            if (torSearchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
+                searchURL = torSearchCustomUrlString;
+            } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
+                searchURL = torSearchString;
+            }
+
+            // Set the proxy.  `this` refers to the current activity where an `AlertDialog` might be displayed.
+            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "localhost", "8118");
+
+            // Set the `appBar` background to indicate proxying through Orbot is enabled.  `this` refers to the context.
+            if (darkTheme) {
+                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.dark_blue_30));
+            } else {
+                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.blue_50));
+            }
+
+            // Check to see if Orbot is ready.
+            if (!orbotStatus.equals("ON")) {  // Orbot is not ready.
+                // Set `waitingForOrbot`.
+                waitingForOrbot = true;
+
+                // Disable the wide view port so that the waiting for Orbot text is displayed correctly.
+                mainWebView.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(false);
+
+                // Load a waiting page.  `null` specifies no encoding, which defaults to ASCII.
+                mainWebView.loadData(waitingForOrbotHtmlString, "text/html", null);
+            } else if (reloadWebsite) {  // Orbot is ready and the website should be reloaded.
+                // Reload the website.
+                mainWebView.reload();
+            }
+        } else {  // Set the non-Tor options.
+            // Set `homepageString` as `homepage`.
+            homepage = homepageString;
+
+            // If formattedUrlString is null assign the homepage to it.
+            if (formattedUrlString == null) {
+                formattedUrlString = homepage;
+            }
+
+            // Set the search URL.
+            if (searchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
+                searchURL = searchCustomUrlString;
+            } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
+                searchURL = searchString;
+            }
+
+            // Reset the proxy to default.  The host is `""` and the port is `"0"`.
+            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "", "0");
+
+            // Set the default `appBar` background.  `this` refers to the context.
+            if (darkTheme) {
+                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.gray_900));
+            } else {
+                appBar.setBackgroundDrawable(ContextCompat.getDrawable(this, R.color.gray_100));
+            }
+
+            // Reset `waitingForOrbot.
+            waitingForOrbot = false;
+
+            // Reload the website if requested.
+            if (reloadWebsite) {
+                mainWebView.reload();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -4120,18 +4597,63 @@ public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements CreateBook
         }
     }
 
+    private void openUrlWithExternalApp(String url) {
+        // Create a download intent.  Not specifying the action type will display the maximum number of options.
+        Intent downloadIntent = new Intent();
+
+        // Set the URI and the mime type.  `"*/*"` will display the maximum number of options.
+        downloadIntent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse(url), "text/html");
+
+        // Flag the intent to open in a new task.
+        downloadIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+
+        // Show the chooser.
+        startActivity(Intent.createChooser(downloadIntent, getString(R.string.open_with)));
+    }
+
     private void highlightUrlText() {
+        // Get the URL string.
         String urlString = urlTextBox.getText().toString();
 
+        // Get the index of the `/` immediately after the domain name.
+        int endOfDomainName = urlString.indexOf("/", (urlString.indexOf("//") + 2));
+
+        // Create a base URL string.
+        String baseUrl;
+
+        // Get the base URL.
+        if (endOfDomainName > 0) {  // There is at least one character after the base URL.
+            // Get the base URL.
+            baseUrl = urlString.substring(0, endOfDomainName);
+        } else {  // There are no characters after the base URL.
+            // Set the base URL to be the entire URL string.
+            baseUrl = urlString;
+        }
+
+        // Get the index of the last `.` in the domain.
+        int lastDotIndex = baseUrl.lastIndexOf(".");
+
+        // Get the index of the penultimate `.` in the domain.
+        int penultimateDotIndex = baseUrl.lastIndexOf(".", lastDotIndex - 1);
+
+        // Markup the beginning of the URL.
         if (urlString.startsWith("http://")) {  // Highlight the protocol of connections that are not encrypted.
             urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(redColorSpan, 0, 7, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
+
+            // De-emphasize subdomains.
+            if (penultimateDotIndex > 0)  {  // There is more than one subdomain in the domain name.
+                urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(initialGrayColorSpan, 7, penultimateDotIndex + 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
+            }
         } else if (urlString.startsWith("https://")) {  // De-emphasize the protocol of connections that are encrypted.
-            urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(initialGrayColorSpan, 0, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
+            if (penultimateDotIndex > 0) {  // There is more than one subdomain in the domain name.
+                // De-emphasize the protocol and the additional subdomains.
+                urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(initialGrayColorSpan, 0, penultimateDotIndex + 1, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
+            } else {  // There is only one subdomain in the domain name.
+                // De-emphasize only the protocol.
+                urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(initialGrayColorSpan, 0, 8, Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);
+            }
         }
 
-        // Get the index of the `/` immediately after the domain name.
-        int endOfDomainName = urlString.indexOf("/", (urlString.indexOf("//") + 2));
-
         // De-emphasize the text after the domain name.
         if (endOfDomainName > 0) {
             urlTextBox.getText().setSpan(finalGrayColorSpan, endOfDomainName, urlString.length(), Spanned.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_INCLUSIVE);