[PrivacyBrowserAndroid.git] / app / src / main / java / com / stoutner / privacybrowser / MainWebViewActivity.java

/**
 * Copyright 2015-2016 Soren Stoutner <soren@stoutner.com>.
 *
 * This file is part of Privacy Browser <https://www.stoutner.com/privacy-browser>.
 *
 * Privacy Browser is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * Privacy Browser is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with Privacy Browser.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

package com.stoutner.privacybrowser;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.DialogFragment;
import android.app.DownloadManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.net.http.SslCertificate;
import android.net.http.SslError;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.preference.PreferenceManager;
import android.print.PrintDocumentAdapter;
import android.print.PrintManager;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.design.widget.NavigationView;
import android.support.design.widget.Snackbar;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v4.view.GravityCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout;
import android.support.v4.widget.SwipeRefreshLayout;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBar;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarDrawerToggle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar;
import android.util.Patterns;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.webkit.CookieManager;
import android.webkit.DownloadListener;
import android.webkit.SslErrorHandler;
import android.webkit.WebChromeClient;
import android.webkit.WebStorage;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.webkit.WebViewClient;
import android.webkit.WebViewDatabase;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

// We need to use AppCompatActivity from android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity to have access to the SupportActionBar until the minimum API is >= 21.
public class MainWebViewActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener, CreateHomeScreenShortcut.CreateHomeScreenSchortcutListener,
        SslCertificateError.SslCertificateErrorListener, DownloadFile.DownloadFileListener {

    // `appBar` is public static so it can be accessed from `OrbotProxyHelper`.
    // It is also used in `onCreate()`.
    public static ActionBar appBar;

    // `favoriteIcon` is public static so it can be accessed from `CreateHomeScreenShortcut`, `BookmarksActivity`, `CreateBookmark`, `CreateBookmarkFolder`, and `EditBookmark`.
    // It is also used in `onCreate()` and `onCreateHomeScreenShortcutCreate()`.
    public static Bitmap favoriteIcon;

    // `formattedUrlString` is public static so it can be accessed from `BookmarksActivity`.
    // It is also used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onCreateHomeScreenShortcutCreate()`, and `loadUrlFromTextBox()`.
    public static String formattedUrlString;

    // `sslCertificate` is public static so it can be accessed from `ViewSslCertificate`.  It is also used in `onCreate()`.
    public static SslCertificate sslCertificate;


    // 'mainWebView' is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, `onRestart()`, and `loadUrlFromTextBox()`.
    private WebView mainWebView;

    // `swipeRefreshLayout` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu`, and `onRestart()`.
    private SwipeRefreshLayout swipeRefreshLayout;

    // `cookieManager` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `onNavigationItemSelected()`, and `onRestart()`.
    private CookieManager cookieManager;

    // `customHeader` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `loadUrlFromTextBox()`.
    private final Map<String, String> customHeaders = new HashMap<>();

    // `javaScriptEnabled` is also used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, `loadUrlFromTextBox()`, and `applySettings()`.
    // It is `Boolean` instead of `boolean` because `applySettings()` needs to know if it is `null`.
    private Boolean javaScriptEnabled;

    // `firstPartyCookiesEnabled` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applySettings()`.
    private boolean firstPartyCookiesEnabled;

    // `thirdPartyCookiesEnabled` used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `onPrepareOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applySettings()`.
    private boolean thirdPartyCookiesEnabled;

    // `domStorageEnabled` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applySettings()`.
    private boolean domStorageEnabled;

    // `saveFormDataEnabled` is used in `onCreate()`, `onCreateOptionsMenu()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `applySettings()`.
    private boolean saveFormDataEnabled;

    // `swipeToRefreshEnabled` is used in `onPrepareOptionsMenu()` and `applySettings()`.
    private boolean swipeToRefreshEnabled;

    // 'homepage' is used in `onCreate()`, `onNavigationItemSelected()`, and `applySettings()`.
    private String homepage;

    // `javaScriptDisabledSearchURL` is used in `loadURLFromTextBox()` and `applySettings()`.
    private String javaScriptDisabledSearchURL;

    // `javaScriptEnabledSearchURL` is used in `loadURLFromTextBox()` and `applySettings()`.
    private String javaScriptEnabledSearchURL;

    // `mainMenu` is used in `onCreateOptionsMenu()` and `updatePrivacyIcons()`.
    private Menu mainMenu;

    // `drawerToggle` is used in `onCreate()`, `onPostCreate()`, `onConfigurationChanged()`, `onNewIntent()`, and `onNavigationItemSelected()`.
    private ActionBarDrawerToggle drawerToggle;

    // `drawerLayout` is used in `onCreate()`, `onNewIntent()`, and `onBackPressed()`.
    private DrawerLayout drawerLayout;

    // `urlTextBox` is used in `onCreate()`, `onOptionsItemSelected()`, and `loadUrlFromTextBox()`.
    private EditText urlTextBox;

    // `adView` is used in `onCreate()` and `onConfigurationChanged()`.
    private View adView;

    // `sslErrorHandler` is used in `onCreate()`, `onSslErrorCancel()`, and `onSslErrorProceed`.
    private SslErrorHandler sslErrorHandler;

    @Override
    // Remove Android Studio's warning about the dangers of using SetJavaScriptEnabled.  The whole premise of Privacy Browser is built around an understanding of these dangers.
    @SuppressLint("SetJavaScriptEnabled")
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main_coordinatorlayout);

        // We need to use the SupportActionBar from android.support.v7.app.ActionBar until the minimum API is >= 21.
        Toolbar supportAppBar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.appBar);
        setSupportActionBar(supportAppBar);
        appBar = getSupportActionBar();

        // This is needed to get rid of the Android Studio warning that appBar might be null.
        assert appBar != null;

        // Add the custom url_bar layout, which shows the favoriteIcon, urlTextBar, and progressBar.
        appBar.setCustomView(R.layout.url_bar);
        appBar.setDisplayOptions(ActionBar.DISPLAY_SHOW_CUSTOM);

        // Set the "go" button on the keyboard to load the URL in urlTextBox.
        urlTextBox = (EditText) appBar.getCustomView().findViewById(R.id.urlTextBox);
        urlTextBox.setOnKeyListener(new View.OnKeyListener() {
            public boolean onKey(View v, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) {
                // If the event is a key-down event on the "enter" button, load the URL.
                if ((event.getAction() == KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN) && (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_ENTER)) {
                    // Load the URL into the mainWebView and consume the event.
                    try {
                        loadUrlFromTextBox();
                    } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    // If the enter key was pressed, consume the event.
                    return true;
                } else {
                    // If any other key was pressed, do not consume the event.
                    return false;
                }
            }
        });

        final FrameLayout fullScreenVideoFrameLayout = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fullScreenVideoFrameLayout);

        // Implement swipe to refresh
        swipeRefreshLayout = (SwipeRefreshLayout) findViewById(R.id.swipeRefreshLayout);
        swipeRefreshLayout.setColorSchemeResources(R.color.blue_700);
        swipeRefreshLayout.setOnRefreshListener(new SwipeRefreshLayout.OnRefreshListener() {
            @Override
            public void onRefresh() {
                mainWebView.reload();
            }
        });

        mainWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.mainWebView);

        // Create the navigation drawer.
        drawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawerLayout);
        // The DrawerTitle identifies the drawer in accessibility mode.
        drawerLayout.setDrawerTitle(GravityCompat.START, getString(R.string.navigation_drawer));

        // Listen for touches on the navigation menu.
        final NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.navigationView);
        navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);

        // drawerToggle creates the hamburger icon at the start of the AppBar.
        drawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawerLayout, supportAppBar, R.string.open_navigation, R.string.close_navigation);

        mainWebView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
            // `shouldOverrideUrlLoading` makes this `WebView` the default handler for URLs inside the app, so that links are not kicked out to other apps.
            // We have to use the deprecated `shouldOverrideUrlLoading` until API >= 24.
            @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
            @Override
            public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
                // Use an external email program if the link begins with "mailto:".
                if (url.startsWith("mailto:")) {
                    // We use `ACTION_SENDTO` instead of `ACTION_SEND` so that only email programs are launched.
                    Intent emailIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);

                    // Parse the url and set it as the data for the `Intent`.
                    emailIntent.setData(Uri.parse(url));

                    // `FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK` opens the email program in a new task instead as part of Privacy Browser.
                    emailIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

                    // Make it so.
                    startActivity(emailIntent);
                    return true;
                } else {  // Load the URL in Privacy Browser.
                    mainWebView.loadUrl(url, customHeaders);
                    return true;
                }
            }

            // Update the URL in urlTextBox when the page starts to load.
            @Override
            public void onPageStarted(WebView view, String url, Bitmap favicon) {
                // We need to update `formattedUrlString` at the beginning of the load, so that if the user toggles JavaScript during the load the new website is reloaded.
                formattedUrlString = url;

                // Display the loading URL is the URL text box.
                urlTextBox.setText(url);
            }

            // Update formattedUrlString and urlTextBox.  It is necessary to do this after the page finishes loading because the final URL can change during load.
            @Override
            public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {
                formattedUrlString = url;

                // Only update urlTextBox if the user is not typing in it.
                if (!urlTextBox.hasFocus()) {
                    urlTextBox.setText(formattedUrlString);
                }

                // Store the SSL certificate so it can be accessed from `ViewSslCertificate`.
                sslCertificate = mainWebView.getCertificate();
            }

            // Handle SSL Certificate errors.
            @Override
            public void onReceivedSslError(WebView view, SslErrorHandler handler, SslError error) {
                // Store `handler` so it can be accesses from `onSslErrorCancel()` and `onSslErrorProceed()`.
                sslErrorHandler = handler;

                // Display the SSL error `AlertDialog`.
                DialogFragment sslCertificateErrorDialogFragment = SslCertificateError.displayDialog(error);
                sslCertificateErrorDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getResources().getString(R.string.ssl_certificate_error));
            }
        });

        mainWebView.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {
            // Update the progress bar when a page is loading.
            @Override
            public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int progress) {
                ProgressBar progressBar = (ProgressBar) appBar.getCustomView().findViewById(R.id.progressBar);
                progressBar.setProgress(progress);
                if (progress < 100) {
                    progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                } else {
                    progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);

                    //Stop the `SwipeToRefresh` indicator if it is running
                    swipeRefreshLayout.setRefreshing(false);
                }
            }

            // Set the favorite icon when it changes.
            @Override
            public void onReceivedIcon(WebView view, Bitmap icon) {
                // Save a copy of the favorite icon for use if a shortcut is added to the home screen.
                favoriteIcon = icon;

                // Place the favorite icon in the appBar.
                ImageView imageViewFavoriteIcon = (ImageView) appBar.getCustomView().findViewById(R.id.favoriteIcon);
                imageViewFavoriteIcon.setImageBitmap(Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(icon, 64, 64, true));
            }

            // Enter full screen video
            @Override
            public void onShowCustomView(View view, CustomViewCallback callback) {
                appBar.hide();

                // Show the fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.
                fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.addView(view);
                fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

                // Hide the mainWebView.
                mainWebView.setVisibility(View.GONE);

                // Hide the ad if this is the free flavor.
                BannerAd.hideAd(adView);

                /* SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION hides the navigation bars on the bottom or right of the screen.
                 * SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN hides the status bar across the top of the screen.
                 * SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY makes the navigation and status bars ghosted overlays and automatically rehides them.
                 */
                view.setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_HIDE_NAVIGATION | View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_FULLSCREEN | View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_IMMERSIVE_STICKY);
            }

            // Exit full screen video
            public void onHideCustomView() {
                appBar.show();

                // Show the mainWebView.
                mainWebView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);

                // Show the ad if this is the free flavor.
                BannerAd.showAd(adView);

                // Hide the fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.
                fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.removeAllViews();
                fullScreenVideoFrameLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);
            }
        });

        // Allow the downloading of files.
        mainWebView.setDownloadListener(new DownloadListener() {
            @Override
            public void onDownloadStart(String url, String userAgent, String contentDisposition, String mimetype, long contentLength) {
                // Show the `DownloadFile` `AlertDialog` and name this instance `@string/download`.
                DialogFragment downloadFileDialogFragment = DownloadFile.fromUrl(url, contentDisposition, contentLength);
                downloadFileDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getResources().getString(R.string.download));
            }
        });

        // Allow pinch to zoom.
        mainWebView.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);

        // Hide zoom controls.
        mainWebView.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);

        // Initialize cookieManager.
        cookieManager = CookieManager.getInstance();

        // Replace the header that `WebView` creates for `X-Requested-With` with a null value.  The default value is the application ID (com.stoutner.privacybrowser.standard).
        customHeaders.put("X-Requested-With", "");

        // Initialize the default preference values the first time the program is run.
        PreferenceManager.setDefaultValues(this, R.xml.preferences, false);

        // Apply the settings from the shared preferences.
        applySettings();

        // Get the intent information that started the app.
        final Intent intent = getIntent();

        if (intent.getData() != null) {
            // Get the intent data and convert it to a string.
            final Uri intentUriData = intent.getData();
            formattedUrlString = intentUriData.toString();
        }

        // If formattedUrlString is null assign the homepage to it.
        if (formattedUrlString == null) {
            formattedUrlString = homepage;
        }

        // Load the initial website.
        mainWebView.loadUrl(formattedUrlString, customHeaders);

        // If the favorite icon is null, load the default.
        if (favoriteIcon == null) {
            // We have to use `ContextCompat` until API >= 21.
            Drawable favoriteIconDrawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(getApplicationContext(), R.drawable.world);
            BitmapDrawable favoriteIconBitmapDrawable = (BitmapDrawable) favoriteIconDrawable;
            favoriteIcon = favoriteIconBitmapDrawable.getBitmap();
        }

        // Initialize AdView for the free flavor and request an ad.  If this is not the free flavor BannerAd.requestAd() does nothing.
        adView = findViewById(R.id.adView);
        BannerAd.requestAd(adView);
    }


    @Override
    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
        // Sets the new intent as the activity intent, so that any future `getIntent()`s pick up this one instead of creating a new activity.
        setIntent(intent);

        if (intent.getData() != null) {
            // Get the intent data and convert it to a string.
            final Uri intentUriData = intent.getData();
            formattedUrlString = intentUriData.toString();
        }

        // Close the navigation drawer if it is open.
        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.START)) {
            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
        }

        // Load the website.
        mainWebView.loadUrl(formattedUrlString, customHeaders);

        // Clear the keyboard if displayed and remove the focus on the urlTextBar if it has it.
        mainWebView.requestFocus();
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.webview_options_menu, menu);

        // Set mainMenu so it can be used by `onOptionsItemSelected()` and `updatePrivacyIcons`.
        mainMenu = menu;

        // Set the initial status of the privacy icons.
        updatePrivacyIcons();

        // Get handles for the menu items.
        MenuItem toggleFirstPartyCookies = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleFirstPartyCookies);
        MenuItem toggleThirdPartyCookies = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleThirdPartyCookies);
        MenuItem toggleDomStorage = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleDomStorage);
        MenuItem toggleSaveFormData = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleSaveFormData);

        // Only display third-Party Cookies if SDK >= 21
        toggleThirdPartyCookies.setVisible(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21);

        // Get the shared preference values.  `this` references the current context.
        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);

        // Set the status of the additional app bar icons.  The default is `false`.
        if (sharedPreferences.getBoolean("display_additional_app_bar_icons", false)) {
            toggleFirstPartyCookies.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
            toggleDomStorage.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
            toggleSaveFormData.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_IF_ROOM);
        } else { //Do not display the additional icons.
            toggleFirstPartyCookies.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_NEVER);
            toggleDomStorage.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_NEVER);
            toggleSaveFormData.setShowAsAction(MenuItem.SHOW_AS_ACTION_NEVER);
        }

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onPrepareOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Get handles for the menu items.
        MenuItem toggleFirstPartyCookies = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleFirstPartyCookies);
        MenuItem toggleThirdPartyCookies = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleThirdPartyCookies);
        MenuItem toggleDomStorage = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleDomStorage);
        MenuItem toggleSaveFormData = menu.findItem(R.id.toggleSaveFormData);
        MenuItem clearCookies = menu.findItem(R.id.clearCookies);
        MenuItem clearFormData = menu.findItem(R.id.clearFormData);
        MenuItem refreshMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.refresh);

        // Set the status of the menu item checkboxes.
        toggleFirstPartyCookies.setChecked(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);
        toggleThirdPartyCookies.setChecked(thirdPartyCookiesEnabled);
        toggleDomStorage.setChecked(domStorageEnabled);
        toggleSaveFormData.setChecked(saveFormDataEnabled);

        // Enable third-party cookies if first-party cookies are enabled.
        toggleThirdPartyCookies.setEnabled(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);

        // Enable DOM Storage if JavaScript is enabled.
        toggleDomStorage.setEnabled(javaScriptEnabled);

        // Enable Clear Cookies if there are any.
        clearCookies.setEnabled(cookieManager.hasCookies());

        // Enable Clear Form Data is there is any.
        WebViewDatabase mainWebViewDatabase = WebViewDatabase.getInstance(this);
        clearFormData.setEnabled(mainWebViewDatabase.hasFormData());

        // Only show `Refresh` if `swipeToRefresh` is disabled.
        refreshMenuItem.setVisible(!swipeToRefreshEnabled);

        // Initialize font size variables.
        int fontSize = mainWebView.getSettings().getTextZoom();
        String fontSizeTitle;
        MenuItem selectedFontSizeMenuItem;

        // Prepare the font size title and current size menu item.
        switch (fontSize) {
            case 50:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.fifty_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeFiftyPercent);
                break;

            case 75:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.seventy_five_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeSeventyFivePercent);
                break;

            case 100:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.one_hundred_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeOneHundredPercent);
                break;

            case 125:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.one_hundred_twenty_five_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeOneHundredTwentyFivePercent);
                break;

            case 150:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.one_hundred_fifty_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeOneHundredFiftyPercent);
                break;

            case 175:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.one_hundred_seventy_five_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeOneHundredSeventyFivePercent);
                break;

            case 200:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.two_hundred_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeTwoHundredPercent);
                break;

            default:
                fontSizeTitle = getResources().getString(R.string.font_size) + " - " + getResources().getString(R.string.one_hundred_percent);
                selectedFontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSizeOneHundredPercent);
                break;
        }

        // Set the font size title and select the current size menu item.
        MenuItem fontSizeMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.fontSize);
        fontSizeMenuItem.setTitle(fontSizeTitle);
        selectedFontSizeMenuItem.setChecked(true);

        // Run all the other default commands.
        super.onPrepareOptionsMenu(menu);

        // `return true` displays the menu.
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    // Remove Android Studio's warning about the dangers of using SetJavaScriptEnabled.
    @SuppressLint("SetJavaScriptEnabled")
    // removeAllCookies is deprecated, but it is required for API < 21.
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem menuItem) {
        int menuItemId = menuItem.getItemId();

        // Set the commands that relate to the menu entries.
        switch (menuItemId) {
            case R.id.toggleJavaScript:
                // Switch the status of javaScriptEnabled.
                javaScriptEnabled = !javaScriptEnabled;

                // Apply the new JavaScript status.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(javaScriptEnabled);

                // Update the privacy icon.
                updatePrivacyIcons();

                // Display a `Snackbar`.
                if (javaScriptEnabled) {  // JavaScrip is enabled.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.javascript_enabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else if (firstPartyCookiesEnabled) {  // JavaScript is disabled, but first-party cookies are enabled.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.javascript_disabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {  // Privacy mode.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.privacy_mode, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                // Reload the WebView.
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            case R.id.toggleFirstPartyCookies:
                // Switch the status of firstPartyCookiesEnabled.
                firstPartyCookiesEnabled = !firstPartyCookiesEnabled;

                // Update the menu checkbox.
                menuItem.setChecked(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);

                // Apply the new cookie status.
                cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);

                // Update the privacy icon.
                updatePrivacyIcons();

                // Display a `Snackbar`.
                if (firstPartyCookiesEnabled) {  // First-party cookies are enabled.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.first_party_cookies_enabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else if (javaScriptEnabled){  // JavaScript is still enabled.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.first_party_cookies_disabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {  // Privacy mode.
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.privacy_mode, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                // Reload the WebView.
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            case R.id.toggleThirdPartyCookies:
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
                    // Switch the status of thirdPartyCookiesEnabled.
                    thirdPartyCookiesEnabled = !thirdPartyCookiesEnabled;

                    // Update the menu checkbox.
                    menuItem.setChecked(thirdPartyCookiesEnabled);

                    // Apply the new cookie status.
                    cookieManager.setAcceptThirdPartyCookies(mainWebView, thirdPartyCookiesEnabled);

                    // Display a `Snackbar`.
                    if (thirdPartyCookiesEnabled) {
                        Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.third_party_cookies_enabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    } else {
                        Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.third_party_cookies_disabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }

                    // Reload the WebView.
                    mainWebView.reload();
                } // Else do nothing because SDK < 21.
                return true;

            case R.id.toggleDomStorage:
                // Switch the status of domStorageEnabled.
                domStorageEnabled = !domStorageEnabled;

                // Update the menu checkbox.
                menuItem.setChecked(domStorageEnabled);

                // Apply the new DOM Storage status.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(domStorageEnabled);

                // Display a `Snackbar`.
                if (domStorageEnabled) {
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.dom_storage_enabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.dom_storage_disabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                // Reload the WebView.
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            case R.id.toggleSaveFormData:
                // Switch the status of saveFormDataEnabled.
                saveFormDataEnabled = !saveFormDataEnabled;

                // Update the menu checkbox.
                menuItem.setChecked(saveFormDataEnabled);

                // Apply the new form data status.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setSaveFormData(saveFormDataEnabled);

                // Display a `Snackbar`.
                if (saveFormDataEnabled) {
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.form_data_enabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                } else {
                    Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.form_data_disabled, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }

                // Reload the WebView.
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            case R.id.clearCookies:
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21) {
                    cookieManager.removeAllCookie();
                } else {
                    cookieManager.removeAllCookies(null);
                }
                Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.cookies_deleted, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return true;

            case R.id.clearDomStorage:
                WebStorage webStorage = WebStorage.getInstance();
                webStorage.deleteAllData();
                Snackbar.make(findViewById(R.id.mainWebView), R.string.dom_storage_deleted, Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                return true;

            case R.id.clearFormData:
                WebViewDatabase mainWebViewDatabase = WebViewDatabase.getInstance(this);
                mainWebViewDatabase.clearFormData();
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeFiftyPercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(50);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeSeventyFivePercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(75);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeOneHundredPercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(100);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeOneHundredTwentyFivePercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(125);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeOneHundredFiftyPercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(150);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeOneHundredSeventyFivePercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(175);
                return true;

            case R.id.fontSizeTwoHundredPercent:
                mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(200);
                return true;

            case R.id.share:
                Intent shareIntent = new Intent();
                shareIntent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
                shareIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, urlTextBox.getText().toString());
                shareIntent.setType("text/plain");
                startActivity(Intent.createChooser(shareIntent, "Share URL"));
                return true;

            case R.id.addToHomescreen:
                // Show the `CreateHomeScreenShortcut` `AlertDialog` and name this instance `@string/create_shortcut`.
                DialogFragment createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment = new CreateHomeScreenShortcut();
                createHomeScreenShortcutDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getResources().getString(R.string.create_shortcut));

                //Everything else will be handled by `CreateHomeScreenShortcut` and the associated listener below.
                return true;

            case R.id.print:
                // Get a `PrintManager` instance.
                PrintManager printManager = (PrintManager) getSystemService(Context.PRINT_SERVICE);

                // Convert `mainWebView` to `printDocumentAdapter`.
                PrintDocumentAdapter printDocumentAdapter = mainWebView.createPrintDocumentAdapter();

                // Print the document.  The print attributes are `null`.
                printManager.print(getResources().getString(R.string.privacy_browser_web_page), printDocumentAdapter, null);
                return true;

            case R.id.refresh:
                mainWebView.reload();
                return true;

            default:
                // Don't consume the event.
                return super.onOptionsItemSelected(menuItem);
        }
    }

    // removeAllCookies is deprecated, but it is required for API < 21.
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    @Override
    public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem menuItem) {
        int menuItemId = menuItem.getItemId();

        switch (menuItemId) {
            case R.id.home:
                mainWebView.loadUrl(homepage, customHeaders);
                break;

            case R.id.back:
                if (mainWebView.canGoBack()) {
                    mainWebView.goBack();
                }
                break;

            case R.id.forward:
                if (mainWebView.canGoForward()) {
                    mainWebView.goForward();
                }
                break;

            case R.id.bookmarks:
                // Launch BookmarksActivity.
                Intent bookmarksIntent = new Intent(this, BookmarksActivity.class);
                startActivity(bookmarksIntent);
                break;

            case R.id.downloads:
                // Launch the system Download Manager.
                Intent downloadManagerIntent = new Intent(DownloadManager.ACTION_VIEW_DOWNLOADS);

                // Launch as a new task so that Download Manager and Privacy Browser show as separate windows in the recent tasks list.
                downloadManagerIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);

                startActivity(downloadManagerIntent);
                break;

            case R.id.settings:
                // Launch `SettingsActivity`.
                Intent settingsIntent = new Intent(this, SettingsActivity.class);
                startActivity(settingsIntent);
                break;

            case R.id.guide:
                // Launch `GuideActivity`.
                Intent guideIntent = new Intent(this, GuideActivity.class);
                startActivity(guideIntent);
                break;

            case R.id.about:
                // Launch `AboutActivity`.
                Intent aboutIntent = new Intent(this, AboutActivity.class);
                startActivity(aboutIntent);
                break;

            case R.id.clearAndExit:
                // Clear cookies.  The commands changed slightly in API 21.
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
                    cookieManager.removeAllCookies(null);
                } else {
                    cookieManager.removeAllCookie();
                }

                // Clear DOM storage.
                WebStorage domStorage = WebStorage.getInstance();
                domStorage.deleteAllData();

                // Clear form data.
                WebViewDatabase formData = WebViewDatabase.getInstance(this);
                formData.clearFormData();

                // Clear cache.  The argument of "true" includes disk files.
                mainWebView.clearCache(true);

                // Clear the back/forward history.
                mainWebView.clearHistory();

                // Clear any SSL certificate preferences.
                mainWebView.clearSslPreferences();

                // Clear `formattedUrlString`.
                formattedUrlString = null;

                // Clear `customHeaders`.
                customHeaders.clear();

                // Destroy the internal state of the webview.
                mainWebView.destroy();

                // Close Privacy Browser.  finishAndRemoveTask also removes Privacy Browser from the recent app list.
                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
                    finishAndRemoveTask();
                } else {
                    finish();
                }
                break;

            default:
                break;
        }

        // Close the navigation drawer.
        drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void onPostCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onPostCreate(savedInstanceState);

        // Sync the state of the DrawerToggle after onRestoreInstanceState has finished.
        drawerToggle.syncState();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);

        // Reload the ad if this is the free flavor.
        BannerAd.reloadAfterRotate(adView, getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.ad_id));

        // Reinitialize the adView variable, as the View will have been removed and re-added in the free flavor by BannerAd.reloadAfterRotate().
        adView = findViewById(R.id.adView);

        // `invalidateOptionsMenu` should recalculate the number of action buttons from the menu to display on the app bar, but it doesn't because of the this bug:  https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=20493#c8
        invalidateOptionsMenu();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreateHomeScreenShortcut(DialogFragment dialogFragment) {
        // Get shortcutNameEditText from the alert dialog.
        EditText shortcutNameEditText = (EditText) dialogFragment.getDialog().findViewById(R.id.shortcut_name_edittext);

        // Create the bookmark shortcut based on formattedUrlString.
        Intent bookmarkShortcut = new Intent();
        bookmarkShortcut.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
        bookmarkShortcut.setData(Uri.parse(formattedUrlString));

        // Place the bookmark shortcut on the home screen.
        Intent placeBookmarkShortcut = new Intent();
        placeBookmarkShortcut.putExtra("android.intent.extra.shortcut.INTENT", bookmarkShortcut);
        placeBookmarkShortcut.putExtra("android.intent.extra.shortcut.NAME", shortcutNameEditText.getText().toString());
        placeBookmarkShortcut.putExtra("android.intent.extra.shortcut.ICON", favoriteIcon);
        placeBookmarkShortcut.setAction("com.android.launcher.action.INSTALL_SHORTCUT");
        sendBroadcast(placeBookmarkShortcut);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDownloadFile(DialogFragment dialogFragment, String downloadUrl) {
        DownloadManager downloadManager = (DownloadManager) getSystemService(DOWNLOAD_SERVICE);
        DownloadManager.Request downloadRequest = new DownloadManager.Request(Uri.parse(downloadUrl));

        // Get the file name from `dialogFragment`.
        EditText downloadFileNameEditText = (EditText) dialogFragment.getDialog().findViewById(R.id.download_file_name);
        String fileName = downloadFileNameEditText.getText().toString();

        // Set the download save in the the `DIRECTORY_DOWNLOADS`using `fileName`.
        // Once we have `WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE` permissions we can use `setDestinationInExternalPublicDir`.
        downloadRequest.setDestinationInExternalFilesDir(this, "/", fileName);

        // Allow `MediaScanner` to index the download if it is a media file.
        downloadRequest.allowScanningByMediaScanner();

        // Add the URL as the description for the download.
        downloadRequest.setDescription(downloadUrl);

        // Show the download notification after the download is completed.
        downloadRequest.setNotificationVisibility(DownloadManager.Request.VISIBILITY_VISIBLE_NOTIFY_COMPLETED);

        // Initiate the download and display a Snackbar.
        downloadManager.enqueue(downloadRequest);
    }

    public void viewSslCertificate(View view) {
        // Show the `ViewSslCertificate` `AlertDialog` and name this instance `@string/view_ssl_certificate`.
        DialogFragment viewSslCertificateDialogFragment = new ViewSslCertificate();
        viewSslCertificateDialogFragment.show(getFragmentManager(), getResources().getString(R.string.view_ssl_certificate));
    }

    @Override
    public void onSslErrorCancel() {
        sslErrorHandler.cancel();
    }

    @Override
    public void onSslErrorProceed() {
        sslErrorHandler.proceed();
    }

    // Override onBackPressed to handle the navigation drawer and mainWebView.
    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        final WebView mainWebView = (WebView) findViewById(R.id.mainWebView);

        // Close the navigation drawer if it is available.  GravityCompat.START is the drawer on the left on Left-to-Right layout text.
        if (drawerLayout.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.START)) {
            drawerLayout.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
        } else {
            // Load the previous URL if available.
            if (mainWebView.canGoBack()) {
                mainWebView.goBack();
            } else {
                // Pass onBackPressed to the system.
                super.onBackPressed();
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onPause() {
        // We need to pause the adView or it will continue to consume resources in the background on the free flavor.
        BannerAd.pauseAd(adView);

        super.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();

        // We need to resume the adView for the free flavor.
        BannerAd.resumeAd(adView);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRestart() {
        super.onRestart();

        // Apply the settings from shared preferences, which might have been changed in `SettingsActivity`.
        applySettings();

        // Update the privacy icons.
        updatePrivacyIcons();

    }

    private void loadUrlFromTextBox() throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
        // Get the text from urlTextBox and convert it to a string.  trim() removes white spaces from the beginning and end of the string.
        String unformattedUrlString = urlTextBox.getText().toString().trim();

        URL unformattedUrl = null;
        Uri.Builder formattedUri = new Uri.Builder();

        // Check to see if unformattedUrlString is a valid URL.  Otherwise, convert it into a Duck Duck Go search.
        if (Patterns.WEB_URL.matcher(unformattedUrlString).matches()) {
            // Add http:// at the beginning if it is missing.  Otherwise the app will segfault.
            if (!unformattedUrlString.startsWith("http")) {
                unformattedUrlString = "http://" + unformattedUrlString;
            }

            // Convert unformattedUrlString to a URL, then to a URI, and then back to a string, which sanitizes the input and adds in any missing components.
            try {
                unformattedUrl = new URL(unformattedUrlString);
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            // The ternary operator (? :) makes sure that a null pointer exception is not thrown, which would happen if .get was called on a null value.
            final String scheme = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getProtocol() : null;
            final String authority = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getAuthority() : null;
            final String path = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getPath() : null;
            final String query = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getQuery() : null;
            final String fragment = unformattedUrl != null ? unformattedUrl.getRef() : null;

            formattedUri.scheme(scheme).authority(authority).path(path).query(query).fragment(fragment);
            formattedUrlString = formattedUri.build().toString();
        } else {
            // Sanitize the search input and convert it to a DuckDuckGo search.
            final String encodedUrlString = URLEncoder.encode(unformattedUrlString, "UTF-8");

            // Use the correct search URL.
            if (javaScriptEnabled) {  // JavaScript is enabled.
                formattedUrlString = javaScriptEnabledSearchURL + encodedUrlString;
            } else { // JavaScript is disabled.
                formattedUrlString = javaScriptDisabledSearchURL + encodedUrlString;
            }
        }

        mainWebView.loadUrl(formattedUrlString, customHeaders);

        // Hides the keyboard so we can see the webpage.
        InputMethodManager inputMethodManager = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(Activity.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE);
        inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(mainWebView.getWindowToken(), 0);
    }

    private void applySettings() {
        // Get the shared preference values.  `this` references the current context.
        SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(this);

        // Store the values from `sharedPreferences` in variables.
        String userAgentString = sharedPreferences.getString("user_agent", "Default user agent");
        String customUserAgentString = sharedPreferences.getString("custom_user_agent", "PrivacyBrowser/1.0");
        String javaScriptDisabledSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("javascript_disabled_search", "https://duckduckgo.com/html/?q=");
        String javaScriptDisabledCustomSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("javascript_disabled_search_custom_url", "");
        String javaScriptEnabledSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("javascript_enabled_search", "https://duckduckgo.com/?q=");
        String javaScriptEnabledCustomSearchString = sharedPreferences.getString("javascript_enabled_search_custom_url", "");
        String homepageString = sharedPreferences.getString("homepage", "https://www.duckduckgo.com");
        String defaultFontSizeString = sharedPreferences.getString("default_font_size", "100");
        swipeToRefreshEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("swipe_to_refresh_enabled", false);
        boolean doNotTrackEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("do_not_track", true);
        boolean proxyThroughOrbot = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("proxy_through_orbot", false);

        // Because they can be modified on-the-fly by the user, these default settings are only applied when the program first runs.
        if (javaScriptEnabled == null) {  // If `javaScriptEnabled` is null the program is just starting.
            // Get the values from `sharedPreferences`.
            javaScriptEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("javascript_enabled", false);
            firstPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("first_party_cookies_enabled", false);
            thirdPartyCookiesEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("third_party_cookies_enabled", false);
            domStorageEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("dom_storage_enabled", false);
            saveFormDataEnabled = sharedPreferences.getBoolean("save_form_data_enabled", false);

            // Apply the default settings.
            mainWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(javaScriptEnabled);
            cookieManager.setAcceptCookie(firstPartyCookiesEnabled);
            mainWebView.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(domStorageEnabled);
            mainWebView.getSettings().setSaveFormData(saveFormDataEnabled);
            mainWebView.getSettings().setTextZoom(Integer.valueOf(defaultFontSizeString));

            // Set third-party cookies status if API >= 21.
            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {
                cookieManager.setAcceptThirdPartyCookies(mainWebView, thirdPartyCookiesEnabled);
            }
        }

        // Apply the other settings from `sharedPreferences`.
        homepage = homepageString;
        swipeRefreshLayout.setEnabled(swipeToRefreshEnabled);

        // Set the user agent initial status.
        switch (userAgentString) {
            case "Default user agent":
                // Set the user agent to `""`, which uses the default value.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString("");
                break;

            case "Custom user agent":
                // Set the custom user agent.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(customUserAgentString);
                break;

            default:
                // Use the selected user agent.
                mainWebView.getSettings().setUserAgentString(userAgentString);
                break;
        }

        // Set JavaScript disabled search.
        if (javaScriptDisabledSearchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
            javaScriptDisabledSearchURL = javaScriptDisabledCustomSearchString;
        } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
            javaScriptDisabledSearchURL = javaScriptDisabledSearchString;
        }

        // Set JavaScript enabled search.
        if (javaScriptEnabledSearchString.equals("Custom URL")) {  // Get the custom URL string.
            javaScriptEnabledSearchURL = javaScriptEnabledCustomSearchString;
        } else {  // Use the string from the pre-built list.
            javaScriptEnabledSearchURL = javaScriptEnabledSearchString;
        }

        // Set Do Not Track status.
        if (doNotTrackEnabled) {
            customHeaders.put("DNT", "1");
        } else {
            customHeaders.remove("DNT");
        }

        // Set Orbot proxy status.
        if (proxyThroughOrbot) {
            // Set the proxy.  `this` refers to the current activity where an `AlertDialog` might be displayed.
            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "localhost", "8118");
        } else {  // Reset the proxy to default.  The host is `""` and the port is `"0"`.
            OrbotProxyHelper.setProxy(getApplicationContext(), this, "", "0");
        }
    }

    private void updatePrivacyIcons() {
        // Get handles for the icons.
        MenuItem privacyIcon = mainMenu.findItem(R.id.toggleJavaScript);
        MenuItem firstPartyCookiesIcon = mainMenu.findItem(R.id.toggleFirstPartyCookies);
        MenuItem domStorageIcon = mainMenu.findItem(R.id.toggleDomStorage);
        MenuItem formDataIcon = mainMenu.findItem(R.id.toggleSaveFormData);

        // Update `privacyIcon`.
        if (javaScriptEnabled) {  // JavaScript is enabled.
            privacyIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.javascript_enabled);
        } else if (firstPartyCookiesEnabled) {  // JavaScript is disabled but cookies are enabled.
            privacyIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.warning);
        } else {  // All the dangerous features are disabled.
            privacyIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.privacy_mode);
        }

        // Update `firstPartyCookiesIcon`.
        if (firstPartyCookiesEnabled) {  // First-party cookies are enabled.
            firstPartyCookiesIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.cookies_enabled);
        } else {  // First-party cookies are disabled.
            firstPartyCookiesIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.cookies_disabled);
        }

        // Update `domStorageIcon`.
        if (javaScriptEnabled && domStorageEnabled) {  // Both JavaScript and DOM storage are enabled.
            domStorageIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.dom_storage_enabled);
        } else if (javaScriptEnabled){  // JavaScript is enabled but DOM storage is disabled.
            domStorageIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.dom_storage_disabled);
        } else {  // JavaScript is disabled, so DOM storage is ghosted.
            domStorageIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.dom_storage_ghosted);
        }

        // Update `formDataIcon`.
        if (saveFormDataEnabled) {  // Form data is enabled.
            formDataIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.form_data_enabled);
        } else {  // Form data is disabled.
            formDataIcon.setIcon(R.drawable.form_data_disabled);
        }

        // `invalidateOptionsMenu` calls `onPrepareOptionsMenu()` and redraws the icons in the `AppBar`.
        // `this` references the current activity.
        ActivityCompat.invalidateOptionsMenu(this);
    }
}